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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 33-37.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15070134

所属专题： 生物技术； 烟草种植与生产

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同生育期水分亏缺对烤烟干物质积累与代谢酶活性的影响

王 军1,2,谢玉华1,2,刘 兰1,2,陈永明1,2,邱妙文1,2   

  1. (1广东省烟草南雄科学研究所,广东南雄 512400；2广东烟草粤北烟叶生产技术中心,广东南雄 512400）
  • 收稿日期:2015-07-23 修回日期:2015-09-18 接受日期:2015-10-23 出版日期:2016-02-01 发布日期:2016-02-01
  • 通讯作者: 邱妙文
  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司重大专项“浓香型特色优质烟叶开发”(110201101001 TS-01)；广东省烟草公司“提高烟叶田间耐熟性综合生产技术开发与示范”(201306)。

Effect of Water Stress on Biomass Accumulation and Metabolic Enzyme ActivitiesDuring Different Growth Stages of Flue-cured Tobacco

Wang Jun1,2, Xie Yuhua1,2, Liu Lan1,2, Chen Yongming1,2, Qiu Miaowen1,2   

  1. (1Nanxiong Tobacco Science Institute of Guangdong, Nanxiong Guangdong 512400;2Northern Guangdong Technology Center of Tobacco Production of Guangdong, Nanxiong Guangdong 512400)
  • Received:2015-07-23 Revised:2015-09-18 Accepted:2015-10-23 Online:2016-02-01 Published:2016-02-01

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摘要： 为探讨烤烟大田不同生育期亏水胁迫与烤烟物质积累及生理代谢的关系，以烤烟‘粤烟98’为材料，采用温室盆栽的方法，研究烤烟伸根期、旺长期和成熟期亏水胁迫处理下烟株干物质积累和叶片碳氮代谢关键酶活性变化。结果表明，伸根期亏水对大田烟株中、后期干物质积累的抑制效应具有滞后性且不可逆转；旺长期亏水仅仅对烟株茎器官干物质积累显著抑制效应，但可逆转，且成熟期时叶片叶绿素含量和硝酸还原酶活性处于较高水平，而淀粉酶活性处于较低水平；成熟期亏水显著降低根、茎器官及整株干物质积累，但对叶器官的干物质积累无显著影响。生产实践中，应高度重视伸根期和成熟期水分管理，确保烟株此期不受干旱，而旺长期适度亏水可以提升成熟期的烟叶田间耐熟性。

关键词: 土壤改良剂, 土壤改良剂, 白浆土, 养分含量, 大豆, 产量, 品质

Abstract: The study aims to investigate the relationship between water stress and biomass accumulation and physiological metabolism of flue-cured tobacco in different growth stages. Using the flue-cured tobacco ‘Yueyan 98’ as the material and the method of greenhouse potted, the changes of dry matter accumulation and the key enzyme activities of carbon nitrogen metabolism of tobacco plant were studied under the condition of water stress in the stage of root spreading, fast growing and tobacco leaf maturity. The results showed that the inhibition effect of water stress in the late stage of root spreading on the dry matter accumulation in field tobacco plant was lagging and irreversible; moderate water stress in the stage of fast growing could significantly inhibit the accumulation of dry matter in the stem of the tobacco plant, but could be reversed, and the chlorophyll content and nitrate reductase activity in the leaves were relatively high, while the amylase activity was in a low level when the leaves of tobacco plant entered the mature stage; moderate water stress in the stage of tobacco leaf maturity significantly reduced dry matter accumulation in root and stem organ and the whole plant, but had no obvious effect on dry matter accumulation in leaf organ. In production practice, the water management in the stage of the root spreading and tobacco leaf maturity should be attached with great importance to ensure that the tobacco plant is not affected by drought, and that moderate drought stress in the stage of fast growing can improve the maturity of tobacco leaves in mature stage.