绿色植物对室内空气污染的净化作用

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16040004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 综述了绿色植物对室内空气污染物的净化效果、作用途径与转化机理、影响因素及植物的生理与分子耐受机理等方面的最新研究。不同室内观赏植物对室内挥发性有机污染物甲醛、苯系物（苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯）等的清除能力不同，且同种植物对不同室内污染物的净化具有选择特性。植物会吸收空气中的污染物，通过自身新陈代谢途径将其分解、转化或作为碳源同化，但不同处理下，相关代谢酶的作用并不相同，信号转导与代谢通路亟待深入研究。植物种类、空气污染物分子特性、气孔与角质层的成分、植物叶面积、光照条件与光合作用类型等均会影响植物的净化效率。植物对污染物的净化能力与自身对污染物的抵抗能力无明显正相关性。笔者认为还需进一步强化高效净化植物的筛选、深入研究复合污染问题与联合修复技术、改善实验装置、持续考察净化过程、加速代谢组学研究和生物技术应用，从而更有效地净化与美化环境。

关键词: 猪-沼-粮, 猪-沼-粮, 循环农业, 关中平原, 能流分析, 效益分析

Abstract: The effects of green plant on indoor air pollutants removal were reviewed in this study. The pathway and conversion mechanism, influencing factors, and physiological and molecular mechanism were also discussed. The different indoor ornamental plants showed different removal efficiencies of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), formaldehyde and BTEX (Benzene, toluene, xylene and ethylbenzene). And the same plant had selective characteristic for removal of different indoor pollutants. Plants could uptake the VOCs and undergo degradation, conversion or assimilation as carbon source. However, metabolism related enzymes had different responses to different treatments. Signal transductions and metabolic pathway should be further investigated. The removal efficiencies were significantly affected by plant species, air compounds properties, stomata and cuticle compositions, leaf area, light conditions and photosynthetic types. There was no obvious positive correlation between plant removal capability and resistance to pollutants. Further studies are needed on the fields such as screening more efficient pollutants eliminating plants, studying combined pollutions and bioremediation, improving experimental facilities, continuously testing clear processes, accelerating researches with metabolomics and biotechnology, thereby promoting environmental purification and beautification.

中图分类号:

X173

倪菲菲,谢平凡,李金炜,陈伊蕾,吴苏剑,陈珍. 绿色植物对室内空气污染的净化作用[J]. 中国农学通报, 2017, 33(4): 91-97.

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