欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (32): 88-93.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16040014

所属专题： 资源与环境； 农业生态； 耕地保护

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

土地资源生态安全研究综述

陆 威1,赵 源2,冯薪霖3,朱艳婷2,常 毅1   

  1. (1四川师范大学地理与资源科学学院,成都 610101；2四川省自然资源科学研究院,成都 610015；3四川省核工业辐射测试防护院,成都 610052）
  • 收稿日期:2016-04-02 修回日期:2016-11-02 接受日期:2016-05-16 出版日期:2016-11-15 发布日期:2016-11-15
  • 通讯作者: 冯薪霖
  • 基金资助:
    四川省国土资源厅科学研究计划“基于投影寻踪的区域土地资源生态安全评价研究”(KJ-2015-15)；四川省软科学研究计划“攀西地区创新驱动发展的实现路径研究”(2015ZR0006)；四川省基本科研业务费项目“基于AHP-GM的四川省高新技术产业安全评价研究”(2016YSKY0021)；2015年四川省基本科研业务费项目“盆周山区县域生态资产评价方法及建模”。

A Review of Ecological Security Research on Land Resource

Lu Wei1, Zhao Yuan2, Feng Xinlin3, Zhu Yanting2, Chang Yi1   

  1. (1College of Geography and Resources Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101;2Sichuan Provincial Institute of Natural Resource, Chengdu 610015;3Sichuan Radiation Detection & Protection Institute of Nuclear Industry, Chengdu 610052)
  • Received:2016-04-02 Revised:2016-11-02 Accepted:2016-05-16 Online:2016-11-15 Published:2016-11-15

PDF (PC)

572

摘要： 土地资源生态安全已经成为当前土地资源可持续利用研究关注的热点问题，笔者在归纳了生态安全概念与特征的基础上，进一步阐述了土地资源生态安全的内涵、驱动因素、评价框架与方法。指出土地资源生态安全主要包括两个方面：一是土地生态系统的结构功能处于健康和平衡的状态；二是能够为人类社会可持续发展提供稳定、均衡、充足的供给。这一状态的实现，需要自然、经济、社会三大驱动因素共同推进，协调发展，其中，经济因素和社会因素对土地资源的影响远远超过自然因素。在评价框架方面，阐述了PSR、DPSIR、DPSER、“自然-经济-社会”4种体系的来源及应用。关于评价的方法，笔者分别对数学模型法、生态模型法、景观生态模型法、数字地面模型法4类方法的优缺点进行了概括总结，并提出了近年来一些新兴的评价方法。最后，笔者对土地资源生态安全研究趋势进行了展望：（1）以生态功能区划为基础，制定具有针对性、体现差异性的土地资源生态安全评价指标体系，并确定生态安全阈值；（2）注重开展干旱区、风沙区、喀斯特地区、水土流失地区、高原山区等典型区域的土地资源生态安全格局研究与未来状况的动态预警研究；（3）在评价方法上加强地理信息技术相结合；（4）探索新的评价方法，以便更好把控土地资源生态安全状况，实现土地资源的永续利用。

关键词: 农业面源污染, 农业面源污染, 遥感, 监测, 模型, 管理措施

Abstract: The problem of land resource ecology security has become one of the hot topics in the field of sustainable utilization of land resource now. Based on the summary of concept and features of ecological security, the authors expounded the connotation, driven factors, framework and methods of land resource ecological security. The land resource ecological security mainly included two aspects, which were (1) land ecological system structure and function in healthy and balanced status; (2) providing stable, balanced and adequate supply for human society sustainable development. The achievement of land resource ecological security required the coordinated promotion and development of nature, economy and society, the impact of economy and society factors on land resource is far more than that of nature. On the assessment framework, the authors summarized the source and application of four kinds of assessment frameworks, which were the PSR framework system, the DPSIR framework system, the DPSER framework system and the framework system of “nature-economy-society”. About the evaluation method, the authors compared the advantages and disadvantages of four kinds of methods respectively. They were the method of mathematical model, ecological model, landscape ecological model and digital terrain model. At the same time, some new evaluation methods about the ecological security of land resource in recent years were put forward. At last, a prospect for the developing trend of ecological security of land resource was proposed: (1) based on ecological function zoning, the assessment indicator system of land resource ecological security which reflected pertinence and otherness should be established, the best threshold value of ecological security should be confirmed; (2) more researches on land resource ecology security and dynamic early warning of the typical areas, such as arid area, sand area, karst region, water and soil loss region, alpine plateau area and so on should be developed; (3) the evaluation method should be better combined with geographic information technology; (4) in order to control the ecological security of land resource better and realize the sustainable use of land resource, new evaluation method should be explored. Only in this way, it can ensure sustainable utilization of land resource.