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中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (33): 94-101.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16070075

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同灌溉处理对杂交谷子生长特性、产量及水分利用的影响

赵 欢,董宝娣,乔匀周,张明明,刘孟雨,杨 红,郑 鑫   

  1. 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 农业资源研究中心,中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 农业资源研究中心,中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 农业资源研究中心,中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 农业资源研究中心,中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 农业资源研究中心,中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 农业资源研究中心,中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 农业资源研究中心
  • 收稿日期:2016-07-13 修回日期:2016-11-01 接受日期:2016-09-20 出版日期:2016-11-25 发布日期:2016-11-25
  • 通讯作者: 刘孟雨
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD06B02-3;2012BAD08B02;2013BAD05B02);

Effect of Different Irrigation Treatments on Growth Characteristics, Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Hybrid Millet

  • Received:2016-07-13 Revised:2016-11-01 Accepted:2016-09-20 Online:2016-11-25 Published:2016-11-25

摘要: 旨在为‘张杂谷’的节水高效提供理论依据。本试验于2014 年在张家口农科院宣化试验站(115°3′N,40°63′E)进行,以‘张杂谷3 号’为材料,设置4 个灌水处理:①杂交谷子全生育期不灌水(T0);②于拔节期灌水(T1);③分别于拔节、抽穗期灌水(T2);④分别于拔节、抽穗、灌浆期灌水(T3),探讨了不同灌溉条件下‘张杂谷’生长、产量、水分利用效率的变化规律。结果表明:(1)灌溉使灌浆期叶片水势提高0.04~0.31 Mpa,株高及生物量分别提高21.1~34.05 cm、2675.07~4103.88 kg/hm2。(2)与T0相比,灌溉下T1、T2、T3产量分别增加了1256.36 kg/hm2、2155.62 kg/hm2、2105.93 kg/hm2。(3)T1、T2、T3处理产量水平水分利用效率(WUEy)分别比T0提高9.33%、19.2%、14.88%,且WUEy 与产量呈显著正相关。分析得出如下结论:(1)在干旱年型,对‘张杂谷3 号’而言,于拨节、抽穗期进行2 次灌溉是获得高产与高WUEy 的有效措施。(2)灌溉下产量与WUEy 的提升主要是通过提升群体生物量与群体水分利用效率(WUEbm)实现的。

关键词: 玉米, 玉米, 郑黄糯2号, 播期, 生育进程, 产量, 鲜食品质

Abstract: The aim is to supply scientific evidence for water- saving high efficiency of‘zhangzagu’. The experiment was conducted in Xuanhua Station of Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Science (115°3ˊN, 40°63''E) in 2014.‘Zhangzagu 3’was used as material. Four irrigation treatments were set up: (1) no irrigation in the whole season of hybrid millet (T0), (2) irrigation at jointing stage (T1), (3) irrigation at jointing and heading stage (T2), (4) irrigation at jointing, heading and grain filling stage (T3). The changing laws of growth, yield and WUE of hybrid millet under different irrigation conditions were discussed. The results revealed that: (1) plant leaf water potential in grain filling stage was improved by 0.04-0.31 Mpa under the condition of irrigation, the individual plant height and biomass were increased by 21.1-34.05 cm and 2675.07-4103.88 kg/hm2 under irrigation, respectively; (2) compared with that of T0, the yield of T1, T2 and T3 was improved by1256.36 kg/hm2, 2155.62 kg/hm2, 2105.93 kg/hm2 under irrigation, espectively; (3) WUEy of T1, T2 and T3 was increased by 9.33%, 19.2%, 14.88% compared with that of T0, respectively, WUEy was positively correlated to yield. The conclusions are drawn as: (1) it will be an optimal way for improving yield and WUEy through 2 times irrigation at joining and heading stage of‘Zhangzagu 3’in dry year; (2) the increase of yield and WUEy under irrigation mainly comes from the improvement of biomass and WUEbm.

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