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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (25): 88-92.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16120098

所属专题： 园艺

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

猕猴桃园土壤养分环境状况的研究

刘文国,赵强,王锋,马志峰,王智民   

  1. 杨凌职业技术学院,甘肃省镇原县农技中心,杨凌职业技术学院,杨凌职业技术学院,杨凌职业技术学院
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-21 修回日期:2017-02-20 接受日期:2017-02-25 出版日期:2017-09-15 发布日期:2017-09-15
  • 通讯作者: 刘文国
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省教育厅专项科学研究计划项目“猕猴桃黄化病机理及防治技术的研究”(16JK1873)

Soil Nutrients and Environmental Conditions of Kiwifruit Orchard

  • Received:2016-12-21 Revised:2017-02-20 Accepted:2017-02-25 Online:2017-09-15 Published:2017-09-15

摘要： 为研究引起猕猴桃黄化病的土壤养分环境因素，以黄化果树和正常果树根部土壤为试验材料，采用土壤立体采样和t 检验及主成分分析方法，对土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、pH 值进行研究。结果表明：黄化猕猴桃树下土壤有机质分布规律为距离果树中心较近较浅的位置，有机质均比较远较深位置高，正常猕猴桃树下土壤有机质分布较均匀；正常猕猴桃园土壤有机质明显比黄化园含量高，达0.01 极显著水平；黄化猕猴桃根部土壤中的速效钾都较正常高，达到极显著水平，钾可能拮抗猕猴桃对铁的吸收，诱导猕猴桃黄化；其他养分和因素如碱解氮、速效磷、pH 值在两者之间的差异均未达到0.05 显著水平。土壤各因素主成分分析的结果为土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效钾是影响黄化的主要成分，三者的累积百分数为90.89%，其中以土壤有机质影响最大，占52.96%，因此，增加土壤有机质，大量施用腐熟的有机肥是防治猕猴桃黄化病的重要途径之一。

关键词: 土地整理, 土地整理, 投资, 自相关, 新疆

Abstract: To study soil nutrient and environmental factors affecting kiwifruit chlorosis, we took root soil of normal and chlorosis kiwifruit trees as the experimental material, adopted three-dimensional soil sampling, t test and principal component analysis to study the variation of soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and pH value. The results showed that for the etiolated kiwifruit tree, the distribution of soil organic matter was much more in center and shallow location to the tree than that in distant and deep location to the tree, while the organic matter distribution in root soil of normal kiwifruit tree was uniform; soil organic matter content in normal kiwifruit orchard was higher than that in orchard with chlorosis, up to 0.01 significant level. The rapidly available potassium in root soil of chlorosis kiwifruit tree was higher than that of normal tree, and the difference reached extremely significant level, potassium might be antagonistic on iron absorption of kiwifruit, and induce chlorosis. Other nutrients and factors, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and pH value, had no significant difference (＜0.05) between the root soil of normal and chlorosis kiwifruit. The results of principal component analysis of soil factors showed that soil organic matter, nitrogen, available potassium were the main components affecting chlorosis, the cumulative percentage was 90.89%, among which the greatest impact was from soil organic matter, accounted for 52.96%. Therefore, increasing soil organic matter and extensive application of decomposed organic fertilizer was an important way to prevent chlorosis of kiwifruit.