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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 134-141.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17080087

所属专题： 园艺

• 植物保护 农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

芽孢杆菌GSBM05 对葡萄白腐病菌的抑菌活性及其鉴定

尹向田,苏玲,吴新颖,杨立英,张久慧   

  1. 山东省葡萄研究院,山东省葡萄研究院,山东省葡萄研究院,山东省葡萄研究院,山东省葡萄研究院
  • 收稿日期:2017-08-20 修回日期:2017-10-15 接受日期:2017-10-24 出版日期:2018-01-12 发布日期:2018-01-12
  • 通讯作者: 尹向田
  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金项目“甲基营养型芽孢杆菌GSBM05 对葡萄的防病促生作用及其机制”(ZR2016CP20)；山东省农科院青年基金项目 “酿酒葡萄根癌病生防菌的筛选及作用机制研究”(2016YQN35)；山东省人才计划资金“山东省现代农业产业技术体系果品创新团队济南综合试验 站”(SDAIT-06-21)；山东省农科院创新工程“葡萄节本提质标准化生产与深加工技术集成示范”(CXGC2016D01)。

Antifungal Activity and Identification of Antagonistic Bacillus GSBM05 Against Grape White Rot Disease

张久慧   

  • Received:2017-08-20 Revised:2017-10-15 Accepted:2017-10-24 Online:2018-01-12 Published:2018-01-12

摘要： 旨在从土壤中分离筛选出对葡萄白腐病菌有强烈抑制作用的芽孢杆菌，检测其抑菌活性并进行鉴定。采用稀释平板法从土壤中分离芽孢杆菌，利用对峙培养和菌丝生长速率等方法对抑菌活性较好的芽孢杆菌GSBM05 进行初步研究。结果表明，在土壤样品中共分离出40 株芽孢杆菌，经初筛、复筛后得到1 株具有强烈抑制效果的芽孢杆菌GSBM05。该菌株稀释20 倍的无菌发酵液对孢子萌发和菌丝生长抑制率均在90%以上，发酵液不同组分对葡萄离体果实、叶片的防治效果均可达80%以上。该菌株对葡萄白腐病菌等11 种植物病原菌具有良好的拮抗作用。通过形态观察、生理生化鉴定以及16S rDNA序列分析，确定该菌株为甲基营养型芽孢杆菌(Bacillus methylotrophicus)。实验结果表明，甲基营养型芽孢杆菌GSBM05具有良好的抑菌活性，抑菌谱较广，可为葡萄白腐病生物防治提供新资源。

Abstract: This study aims to screen and isolate Bacillus strains with strong inhibitory effect on coniella diplodiella, and to detect the antifungal activity and identify the stain. Bacillus strains were isolated from soil by dilution-plate method. The Bacillus strain GSBM05 with better antimicrobial activity was studied by the plate confrontation method and mycelial growth rate method. The results showed that forty Bacillus strains were isolated from soil samples. One strain, GSBM05, with potent antimicrobial activity was obtained after primary and secondary screening. The inhibition rates of the 20-fold-diluted aseptic fermentation broth of GSBM05 on spore germination and mycelial growth were both above 90%, and control efficacies of different components of the fermentation broth of GSBM05 on detached grape fruits and leaves were over 80%. The results showed that GSBM05 had obvious antifungal activity against eleven pathogenic fungi, including coniella diplodiella. Based on the morphological observation, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and the sequence analysis of 16S rDNA, strain GSBM05 was confirm to be a kind of Bacillus methylotrophicus. The experimental results demonstrated that Bacillus methylotrophicus strain GSBM05, with its excellent antifungal activity and broad antifungal spectrum, can provide new resources for the biological control of grape white rot.

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