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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (7): 28-36.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0105

所属专题: 油料作物

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

膜下滴灌追肥种类对花生衰老特性和产量的影响

秦文洁(), 郭润泽, 邹晓霞, 张晓军, 于晓娜, 王月福, 司彤()   

  1. 青岛农业大学农学院/山东省旱作农业技术重点实验室,山东青岛 266109
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-15 修回日期:2020-08-28 出版日期:2021-03-05 发布日期:2021-03-17
  • 通讯作者: 司彤
  • 作者简介:秦文洁,女,1995 年出生,山东日照人,在读硕士,主要从事花生栽培生理生态研究。E-mail: 814879754@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“北方春花生化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2018YFD0201000);山东省农业良种工程“加工用高油花生新品种培”(2017LZGC003);山东省花生现代产业技术体系“栽培与土肥岗位专家”(SDAIT-04-05)

Effects of Top Dressing Types Under Mulch Drip Irrigation on Senescence and Yield of Peanut

Qin Wenjie(), Guo Runze, Zou Xiaoxia, Zhang Xiaojun, Yu Xiaona, Wang Yuefu, Si Tong()   

  1. Agricultural College, Qingdao Agricultural University/ Key Laboratory of Dry Farming Technology in Shandong Province, Qingdao Shandong 266109
  • Received:2020-05-15 Revised:2020-08-28 Online:2021-03-05 Published:2021-03-17
  • Contact: Si Tong

摘要:

旨在明确不同肥料种类及其相互配合追施提高花生产量的效应,确定适宜的追施肥料种类和相互配施方法,为花生科学追肥实现高产优质节本增效栽培提供理论依据。在大田覆膜滴灌条件下,于花针期设置追施氮、钙、硼肥及其相互配施处理,探究膜下滴灌追施氮、钙和硼肥及其配合施用对花生衰老特性和产量的影响。结果表明,花针期追施氮、硼、钙肥及其配合施用均可不同程度地提高花生功能叶叶绿素含量、光合速率、SOD和POD活性、可溶性蛋白含量,降低MDA含量,延缓衰老;增加花生单株结果数、百果重、百仁重、出仁率和产量。但单独追施氮、硼、钙肥效果不如氮、硼、钙肥配合施用,其中以配合追施氮硼钙肥和氮钙肥提高光合性能和保护酶活性的效果最好,增产幅度最大,分别比不追肥的对照增产26.51%~27.91%和22.15%~22.18%。

关键词: 花生, 膜下滴灌, 追肥种类, 衰老, 产量

Abstract:

This paper aims to assess the effect of different kinds of fertilizers and their mutual application on increasing peanut yield, determine the appropriate types of fertilizer and their mutual application, and provide a theoretical basis for scientific application of fertilizer to achieve high yield and quality, and cost saving and efficiency increasing of peanut cultivation. Under the condition of mulching drip irrigation in field, nitrogen, calcium, boron and their combined application were conducted at the flower needle stage. The results showed that the application of nitrogen, boron, calcium and their combination increased the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, activities of SOD and POD, soluble protein content, while decreased the MDA content, delayed the senescence, increased the number of fruit per plant, the weight of 100 fruits, the weight of 100 kernels and the rate of kernel production, and finally increased the yield. However, the effect of single application of N, B and Ca was not as good as that of combined application, in which, the combined top dressing of N, B and Ca or N and Ca showed the best effect on photosynthetic property and protective enzyme activity, and the yield increase range was the largest, which was 26.51%-27.91% and 22.15%-22.18% higher than that of the control without top dressing, respectively.

Key words: peanut, drip irrigation under mulch, different kinds of top-dressing, senescence, yield

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