海胆和海参中microRNAs的研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0154

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

MicroRNAs(MiRNAs)是一种长度为20 nt左右的内源调控型非编码RNA,主要参与基因的转录后调控,在真核生物的生长发育、细胞分化和免疫防御等过程中发挥重要作用。海胆和海参属棘皮类动物,是高等的海洋无脊椎动物,它们不仅是研究无脊椎动物向脊椎动物进化的重要模式生物,其中的一些种类还是重要的渔业资源,具有较高的经济价值。近年来,探明各类miRNAs在海胆和海参生长发育及生理代谢过程中的调控功能及调控机制已逐渐成为海胆和海参研究领域的热点。本研究中综述了近年来海胆和海参中miRNAs的研究成果和相关进展,以期进一步丰富和完善海胆和海参中miRNAs的基础资料,为系统了解和掌握海胆和海参中miRNAs的序列特点、生物学功能及其参与调控重要生理过程的分子机制提供参考资料。

关键词: 海胆, 海参, microRNA, 生长发育, 生理代谢

Abstract:

MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) are a class of short endogenous non-coding RNAs (NcRNAs) about 20 nucleotides (nt) in length. It has been well documented that miRNAs are vital regulators of post transcriptional regulation of genes in most eukaryotes involving in growth and development, cell differentiation and immune defense. Sea urchins and sea cucumbers belong to echinoderms which are higher marine invertebrates. They are not only important model organisms for studying the evolution of invertebrates to vertebrates, but also important fishery resources with high economic value. In recent years, exploring the regulatory functions and mechanisms of various miRNAs in the physiological and metabolic process of sea urchins and sea cucumbers has gradually become a hotspot in the field of sea urchin and sea cucumber research. In this paper, we reviewed the research results and progress of miRNAs in sea urchins and sea cucumbers in recent years, aiming to further enrich and improve the data system of miRNAs in sea urchins and sea cucumbers, as well as, provide reference materials for systematically understanding the sequence characteristics, biological functions and molecular mechanisms of miRNAs involved in regulating important physiological metabolism processes in sea urchins and sea cucumbers.

Key words: sea urchins, sea cucumbers, microRNA, growth and development, physiological metabolism

中图分类号:

尹文露, 刘丽, 赵谭军, 韩森荣, 宋坚, 李莹莹, 常亚青, 湛垚垚. 海胆和海参中microRNAs的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2021, 37(7): 150-158.

Yin Wenlu, Liu Li, Zhao Tanjun, Han Senrong, Song Jian, Li Yingying, Chang Yaqing, Zhan Yaoyao. MicroRNAs in Sea Urchins and Sea Cucumbers: A Review[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(7): 150-158.

图/表 5

图1. 动物体内miRNA的成熟过程示意图

图2. miRNAs与Dvl蛋白亚型基因的结合位点

图3. miR-133、miR-137与c3基因的结合位点

图4. miRNAs参与TLR信号通路相关基因调控模式图

图5. miR-200与tollip基因及miR-2008与tlr3基因的结合位点

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