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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (13): 49-55.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0311

所属专题： 园艺

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同青花菜品种形态和品质性状比较

于慧1(), 王婷婷2, 张谱1, 黄莹1, 于腾荣1, 曹雪1()   

  1. 1临沂大学农林科学学院,山东临沂 276005
    2中交园林（山东）有限公司,济南 250000
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-03 修回日期:2021-01-18 出版日期:2021-05-05 发布日期:2021-05-18
  • 通讯作者: 曹雪
  • 作者简介:于慧,女,1997年出生,山东淄博人,在读硕士,从事园艺植物逆境胁迫生理研究。通信地址：276005 山东省临沂市兰山区双岭路中段临沂大学农林科学学院,E-mail：2823136621@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“番茄miR398启动子参与低温响应的调控机理分析”(31801868);山东省自然科学基金“miR398调控番茄响应温度逆境胁迫机理研究”(ZR2018PC023);临沂大学博士科研启动基金“miR398参与番茄低温响应活性氧代谢的功能分析”(LYDX2017BS008)

Comparison on Morphological and Quality Traits of Different Broccoli Cultivars

Yu Hui1(), Wang Tingting2, Zhang Pu1, Huang Ying1, Yu Tengrong1, Cao Xue1()   

  1. 1College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi Shandong 276005
    2China Communications Construction Landscape (Shandong) Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000
  • Received:2020-08-03 Revised:2021-01-18 Online:2021-05-05 Published:2021-05-18
  • Contact: Cao Xue

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摘要：

筛选外观优异、品质优良的青花菜品种,以期为青花菜品质改良提供材料基础。笔者以国内常见的19个青花菜品种为材料,对其花球质量、花球直径、花球茎粗、花球形状、蕾粒大小、花球色泽、叶绿素、含水量、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性总糖及维生素C等形态和品质指标进行测定与分析。结果表明,不同青花菜品种形态和品质之间存在一定差异,多数青花菜品种花球形状较圆整,颜色深绿;‘撒利奥55’花球直径最大,为18.50 cm;‘绿冠308’茎粗最大,为3.97 cm;‘绿冠90’单花球质量和含水量最高,分别为286.82 g和79.62%;‘依绿’花球圆整,颜色灰绿色,且叶绿素、可溶性总糖和维生素C含量均最高,分别为2.35 mg/g、9.71%和29.17 mg/100 g,但可溶性蛋白质含量最低,为10.28 mg/g;‘碧青’花球较圆整,颜色浅绿,可溶性蛋白质含量最大,为11.32 mg/g,而叶绿素和含水量均最低,分别为1.31 mg/g和47.13%。综合比较发现,‘绿冠90’、‘碧青’、‘依绿’3个青花菜品种品质较为突出,可用于后续青花菜品质遗传改良。

关键词: 青花菜, 品种, 形态特征, 品质性状, 综合性状, 比较

Abstract:

To select the broccoli cultivars with excellent morphological and quality traits, and provide material basis for the quality improvement, 19 domestic broccoli cultivars commonly used were taken as materials, and the morphological and quality indexes of flower head were determined, including quality, diameter, stem diameter, shape, size, color, chlorophyll, water, soluble protein, total soluble sugar and vitamin C. The results showed that the morphological and quality traits of these broccoli cultivars had significant differences, and most cultivars were relatively circular in shape and dark green in color. The diameter of flower head of ‘Saliao 55’ was the largest (18.50 cm); while the stem diameter of ‘Lvguan 308’ was the largest (3.97 cm). Both the quality and the water content of ‘Lvguan 90’ were the highest (286.82 g and 79.62% respectively). The shape of ‘Yilv’ was circular and its color was grey green, and the content of chlorophyll, total soluble sugar and vitamin C were all the highest (2.35 mg/g, 9.71% and 29.17 mg/100 g respectively), but the soluble protein content was the lowest (10.28 mg/g). The shape of ‘Biqing’ was relatively circular and its color was light green, and it had the highest level of soluble protein (11.32 mg/g) and the lowest level of chlorophyll and water content (1.31 mg/g and 47.13% respectively). It is found by the comprehensive comparison that three cultivars including ‘Lvguan 90’, ‘Biqing’ and ‘Yilv’ are of outstanding quality traits which could be used for further genetic improvement of broccoli.

Key words: broccoli, cultivars, morphological trait, quality trait, comprehensive characters, comparison

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