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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (12): 58-63.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20200100019

所属专题： 现代农业发展与乡村振兴； 农业气象

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆农八师垦区木本植物物候期对气候变暖的响应

李红英1,2(), 王啸天3, 郑晓倩4, 许浩翊5, 向导1,2(), 朱江丽6()   

  1. 1中国气象局乌兰乌苏生态与农业气象试验站,新疆石河子 832000
    2乌兰乌苏农业气象试验站,新疆石河子 832000
    3新疆石河子炮台气象站,新疆石河子 832000
    4塔城地区沙湾县气象局气象台,新疆塔城 834700
    5新疆石河子莫索湾气象站,新疆石河子 832000
    6新疆石河子工程技术学校,新疆石河子 832000
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-08 修回日期:2020-03-16 出版日期:2021-04-25 发布日期:2021-05-13
  • 通讯作者: 向导,朱江丽
  • 作者简介:李红英,女,1974年出生,甘肃武威人,工程师,本科,研究方向：综合性气象监测。通信地址：832000 新疆石河子乌兰乌苏农业气象试验站,E-mail： 1768995549@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    新疆石河子市气象局管课题“石河子地区木本植物春季物候期特征及其对气候变化的响应研究”(sky201802);国家重点研发计划“重大自然灾害监测预警与防范”重点专项(2017YFC1502804)

Response of Woody Plants to Climate Warming During Phenological Period in No. 8 Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps

Li Hongying1,2(), Wang Xiaotian3, Zheng Xiaoqian4, Xu Haoyi5, Xiang Dao1,2(), Zhu Jiangli6()   

  1. 1Wulan Wusu Experimental Station of Ecology and Agrometeorology, China Meteorological Administration, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000
    2Wulan Wusu Experimental Station of Agrometeorology, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000
    3Shihezi Guandai Meteorological Station, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000
    4Meteorological Observatory of Shawan Meteorological Bureau in Tacheng Area, Tacheng Xinjiang 834700
    5Mosuowan Meteorological Station of Shihezi, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000
    6Xinjiang Shihezi Engineering and Technology School, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000
  • Received:2020-01-08 Revised:2020-03-16 Online:2021-04-25 Published:2021-05-13
  • Contact: Xiang Dao,Zhu Jiangli

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摘要：

为了掌握植物物候期标指性气候特征,本文依据农八师垦区自然物候和气象观测资料,利用线性回归、相关分析、Mann-Kendall突变检验等方法,研究了该地区1980—2018年木本植物旱柳、榆树、箭杆杨春季物候特征及其对气温变化的响应规律。结果表明：旱柳、榆树、箭杆杨春季物候期提前趋势明显。旱柳展叶始期、开花盛期平均每10年提前2.9天和2.7天,2004年突变之后平均提前了4~5天。榆树展叶始期、开花盛期平均每10年提前5.6天和1.3天,2004年突变之后平均提前了9天和5天。箭杆杨展叶期平均每10年提前2.7天,2004年突变之后平均提前了4天。3—4月平均气温与旱柳、榆树、箭杆杨春季物候期呈显著负相关,在物候期之前1~2个月（3、4月份）内气温对木本物候期的影响最为显著。研究区当3—4月平均气温每上升1℃时,旱柳展叶始期、开花盛期分别提前1.8天;榆树展叶始期、开花盛期分别提前2.9天和1.8天;箭杆杨展叶始期提前1.9天。综上诉述,研究区气候变暖木本植物春季物候期提前已成为事实,这对于农时预报服务于当地农业生产起到良好作用,研究结果可为当地生态系统保护、农业结构调整及旅游产业开发等提供参考。

关键词: 木本植物, 物候期, 气候变暖, 响应

Abstract:

To grasp the indicative climatic characteristics of plant phenology, based on the natural phenology and meteorological observation data of No.8 Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, we studied the woody plants in this area from 1980 to 2018 using linear regression, correlation analysis and Mann-Kendall mutation test. Spring phenology characteristics of Salix matsudana, elm and Populus japonica and their response to temperature changes were explored. The results showed that the spring phenology of Salix matsudana, elm and Populus sylvestris had an obvious advancing trend. The initial stage of leaf and the flowering period of Salix matsudana were earlier by 2.9 days and 2.7 days every 10 years on average, after the mutation in 2004, they were earlier by 4-5 days on average. The two periods of the elm were earlier by 5.6 days and 1.3 days every 10 years on average. After the mutation in 2004, they were earlier by 9 days and 5 days. On average, the initial stage of leaf of Populus japonica was earlier by 2.7 days every 10 years, and it was earlier by 4 days after the mutation in 2004. The average temperature from March to April was significantly and negatively related with the spring phenology of Salix matsudana, elm, and Populus sylvestris. The temperature had the most significant effect on the woody phenology during the one or two months (March and April) before the phenology. When the average temperature in the research area increased from March to April by 1℃, the beginning stage of leaf and the flowering period of Salix matsudana were earlier by 1.8 days, respectively, and those of elm were earlier by 2.9 and 1.8 days, and the beginning stage of leaf of Populus sylvestris was earlier by 1.9 days. In summary, the advancing of spring phenological period of woody plants under climate warming in the research area has become a reality, which has good effect on agricultural time forecasting for local agricultural production. The results could provide references for local ecosystem protection, agricultural structure adjustment, and tourism industry development.

Key words: woody plants, phenological period, climate change, response

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