纳米材料对作物种子萌发及生长发育的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20200200087

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着纳米材料在农业领域广泛应用,为研究纳米材料对作物种子萌发及生长发育的影响,通过分析纳米材料对作物种子萌发及幼苗生长的促进作用和抑制作用,归纳了纳米对作物生长力的影响,总结纳米影响作物生长发育的机制有打破种子的休眠、促进种子代谢、影响营养元素吸收、影响植物净光合速率和水分利用率、影响植物的抗逆性及诱导植物毒性等。指出纳米材料与植物的相互作用是个复杂的过程;纳米材料与植物间相互作用的机制取决于纳米材料的理、化性质、处理浓度、植物的类型、生长阶段,还与介质、光照强度等环境因素相关。建议今后要进一步研究纳米材料与植物间相互作用的机制;建立科学的评价体系,全面反映纳米材料的植物效应;加强纳米材料在农业资源与环境中的研究,使纳米材料在可持续农业中发挥良好作用。

关键词: 纳米材料, 作物, 种子萌发, 生长发育

Abstract:

At present, nanomaterials are widely used in agriculture and other fields. This paper aims to study the effects of nanomaterials on seed germination and growth and development of crop, and analyze the promoting and inhibiting effects of nanomaterials on seed germination and seedling growth and other growth. The effects of nanomaterials on crop growth and development were summarized, including breaking seed dormancy, promoting seed metabolism, affecting nutrient absorption, affecting net photosynthetic rate and water utilization rate, affecting plant stress resistance and inducing plant toxicity. It is pointed out that the interaction between nanomaterials and plants is a complex process. Moreover, the mechanism of interaction between nanomaterials and plants depends on the physicochemical properties and treatment concentration of nanomaterials, type and growth stage of plant, and environmental factors such as medium and light intensity. It is suggested that further study should be focus on the mechanism of interaction between nanomaterials and plants, establishing a scientific evaluation system fully reflecting the effect of nanomaterials on plant, and strengthening the application research of nanomaterials in agricultural resources and environment, in order to make nanomaterials play a good role in sustainable agriculture.

Key words: nanomaterials, crops, seed germination, growth and development

中图分类号:

S351.1

薛琳, 孙宇彤, 盛明悦, 倪洪涛. 纳米材料对作物种子萌发及生长发育的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(21): 33-39.

Xue Lin, Sun Yutong, Sheng Mingyue, Ni Hongtao. Nanomaterials: Effects on Seed Germination and Growth and Development of Crop[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(21): 33-39.

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