平铺白珠种子萌发特性研究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0085

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高平铺白珠的繁殖效率，以采集的平铺白珠‘极速贵族’种子为供试材料，测量种子形态、千粒重、吸水特性；并通过培养皿滤纸萌发法统计不同GA₃处理和温度处理下种子的发芽率；将无菌萌发所获幼苗与常规播种苗长势进行对比。结果表明，平铺白珠‘极速贵族’种子属小粒种子（千粒重(0.2995±0.0111) g），种子种皮薄且透水性良好。GA₃浸种时间、GA₃浸种浓度和温度三者间存在交互作用，其中GA₃浓度和温度是影响种子萌发的关键因子，浓度为1000 mg/L的GA₃溶液浸泡种子12~24 h，环境温度为白天25℃、夜晚15℃的条件有利于促进种子萌发，种子发芽率可达90%以上，显著高于对照(64.67%)。无菌苗长势要优于常规播种苗，无菌萌发1500 mg/L GA₃预处理种苗的平均株高(12.17 mm)和平均根长(18.15 mm)均高于常规播种苗的株高(9.65 mm)和根长(13.31 mm)，培养基配方为WPM+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA+30 g/L蔗糖。

关键词: 平铺白珠, 种子萌发, 种子特性, GA₃, 无菌萌发

Abstract:

To improve the reproduction efficiency of Gaultheria procumbens, the collected seeds of cultivar ‘Speedy Baron’ were used as test materials to measure seed morphology, thousand kernel weight, and water absorption characteristics. The germination rate of seeds under different GA₃ treatments and temperature treatments were calculated by the Petri dish filter paper germination method. Finally, the growth of seedlings obtained from sterile germination was compared with that of conventional seedlings. The results showed that the seeds of G. procumbens ‘Speedy Baron’ were small seeds [thousand kernel weight (0.2995±0.0111) g], with thin seed coats and good water permeability. There were interactions among GA₃ seed soaking time, GA₃ seed soaking concentration and temperature, among which GA₃ concentration and temperature were the key factors affecting seed germination. The seeds were soaked in GA₃ solution with a concentration of 1000 mg/L for 12-24 h, and the ambient temperature was 25℃ during the day and 15℃ at night, which was conducive to promoting seed germination, and the seed germination rate could reach more than 90%, significantly higher than that of the control (64.67%). The growth of tissue cultured seedlings was better than that of conventional seedlings. The average plant height (12.17 mm) and average root length (18.15 mm) of sterile germination of 1500 mg/L GA₃ pretreated seedlings were higher than those of conventional seedlings (plant height of 9.65 mm and average root length of 13.31 mm). The medium formula was WPM+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA+30 g/L sucrose.

Key words: Gaultheria procumbens, seed germination, seed characteristics, GA₃, sterile germination

中图分类号:

S604+.1

王思之, 关文灵, 郝晓函, 宋杰. 平铺白珠种子萌发特性研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(1): 77-84.

WANG Sizhi, GUAN Wenling, HAO Xiaohan, SONG Jie. Study on Germination Characteristics of Gaultheria procumbens Seeds[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(1): 77-84.

图/表 12

参考文献 26

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差异源	平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
GA₃浓度(A)	0.726	3	0.242	19.834^**	0.000
GA₃浸种时间(B)	0.011	2	0.005	0.432	0.654
A×B	0.225	6	0.038	3.082^*	0.022
误差	0.293	24	0.012
总计	13.857	36

差异源	平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
GA₃浓度(A)	0.726	3	0.242	19.834^**	0.000
GA₃浸种时间(B)	0.011	2	0.005	0.432	0.654
A×B	0.225	6	0.038	3.082^*	0.022
误差	0.293	24	0.012
总计	13.857	36

溶液浸泡时间/h	GA₃浓度/(mg/L)	萌发率/%
12	0	48.89±19.24aCD
	250	57.78±10.18aABC
	500	56.67±0aBC
	1000	65.56±10.18aABC
24	0	36.67±13.33bDE
	250	57.78±8.39abABC
	500	71.11±13.48aAB
	1000	70±14.53aABC
48	0	21.11±8.39bE
	250	66.67±12.02aABC
	500	78.89±1.92aA
	1000	78.89±5.09aA

溶液浸泡时间/h	GA₃浓度/(mg/L)	萌发率/%
12	0	48.89±19.24aCD
	250	57.78±10.18aABC
	500	56.67±0aBC
	1000	65.56±10.18aABC
24	0	36.67±13.33bDE
	250	57.78±8.39abABC
	500	71.11±13.48aAB
	1000	70±14.53aABC
48	0	21.11±8.39bE
	250	66.67±12.02aABC
	500	78.89±1.92aA
	1000	78.89±5.09aA

差异源	平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
GA₃浓度(A)	0.309	1	0.309	65.065^**	0.000
GA₃浸种时间(B)	0.003	2	0.001	0.266	0.771
A×B	0.007	2	0.003	0.734	0.501
误差	0.057	12	0.005
总计	10.773	18