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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (19): 106-111.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0012

所属专题: 资源与环境 玉米 马铃薯 烟草种植与生产

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

马铃薯淀粉加工废水灌溉对土壤质量及玉米生长的影响

雷晓婷1(), 何进勤1, 雷金银1(), 祁焕军1,2, 徐瑾瑜1, 金建新1, 王天宁1   

  1. 1宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,银川 750002
    2宁夏大学农学院,银川 750021
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-07 修回日期:2021-05-20 出版日期:2021-07-05 发布日期:2021-07-29
  • 通讯作者: 雷金银
  • 作者简介:雷晓婷,女,1991年出生,宁夏吴忠人,助理实验师,硕士,研究方向为植物营养与肥料。通信地址:750002 宁夏银川市金凤区黄河东路590号 宁夏农林科学院,E-mail: lei_xt1015@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目“农业面源污染减控与绿色清洁生产技术研究示范”(2017BY085);宁夏农林科学院科技创新先导资金项目“宁夏特色作物水肥一体化技术研究与集成示范”(NKYG-17-01)

Irrigation with Potato Starch Processing Wastewater: Effects on Soil Quality and Corn Growth

Lei Xiaoting1(), He Jinqin1, Lei Jinyin1(), Qi Huanjun1,2, Xu Jinyu1, Jin Jianxin1, Wang Tianning1   

  1. 1Agricultural Resources and Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002
    2School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021
  • Received:2021-01-07 Revised:2021-05-20 Online:2021-07-05 Published:2021-07-29
  • Contact: Lei Jinyin

摘要:

研究马铃薯淀粉加工废水灌溉对土壤性质及玉米生长的影响,以探明最适废水还田量。试验设置清水3000 m3/hm2(W1,CK)、废水600 m3/hm2(W2)、废水900 m3/hm2(W3)、废水1200 m3/hm2(W4)、废水3000 m3/hm2(W5) 5个处理,对比分析不同灌溉量对土壤团聚体、N、P、K、有机质、酶及玉米出苗率和产量的影响。结果表明:(1)0.25~2 mm粒级的土壤水稳性团聚体含量随废水灌溉量的增加呈先增加后减少的趋势,分别比W1增加了14.90%、17.04%、4.09%和16.67%;(2)灌溉1年,废水灌溉表层0~20 cm土壤碱解氮、速效钾、有效磷及有机质含量均高于对照;(3)过氧化氢酶、脲酶及磷酸酶活性分别在W4、W2 及W4处理下增加最高,增加量分别为9.64%、5.34%及17.24%;(4)过量灌溉会降低玉米出苗率,废水灌溉量不宜超过1200 m3/hm2。2年灌溉W3时玉米产量最高,分别为69171、59404.5 kg/hm2。总体来看,最适废水灌溉量为900 m3/hm2

关键词: 马铃薯, 淀粉加工, 废水, 灌溉, 玉米, 土壤质量

Abstract:

The effect of potato starch processing wastewater on soil properties and corn growth was studied to explore the optimal amount of wastewater returned to field. 5 treatments were set up including groundwater 3000 m3/hm2(W1, CK), wastewater 600 m3/hm2 (W2), wastewater 900 m3/hm2(W3), wastewater 1200 m3/hm2(W4), wastewater 3000 m3/hm2(W5). Soil aggregates, N, P, K, organic matter, enzymes, and corn emergence rate and yield under different treatments were analyzed. The results showed that: the content of soil water-stable aggregates of 0.25-2 mm size increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of wastewater irrigation amount, increased by 14.90%, 17.04%, 4.09% and 16.67% respectively under W2, W3, W4 and W5 compared with that of CK. Irrigation with wastewater for 1 year, the content of alkaline nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus and soil organic matter in the 0-20 cm surface soil were both higher than those in CK. The activities of catalase, urease and phosphatase reached the highest respectively under W4, W2 and W4, increased by 9.64%, 5.34% and 17.24%. The rate of maize emergence was reduced when wastewater irrigation exceeded 1200 m3/hm2. Maize yield reached the highest under W3 in 2018 and 2019, which were 69171 and 59404.5 kg/hm2, respectively. Among them, the optimal wastewater irrigation amount is 900 m3/hm2.

Key words: potato, starch processing, wastewater, irrigation, corn, soil quality

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