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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (18): 147-152.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0695

所属专题: 生物技术 植物保护 园艺

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

苹果生产中杀菌剂使用控制技术调查及分析

王丽(), 侯珲, 黄天祥, 袁洪波(), 涂洪涛()   

  1. 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州 450009
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-21 修回日期:2021-09-03 出版日期:2022-06-25 发布日期:2022-07-14
  • 通讯作者: 袁洪波,涂洪涛
  • 作者简介:王丽,女,1981年出生,河南正阳人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事果树病害研究。通信地址:450009 河南省郑州市未来路南首 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,Tel:0371-65330953,E-mail: wanlgi06@caas.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“中保苹果病虫害生态控制关键技术研发与集成”(2017YFE0135600);河南省科技攻关项目“苹果生产中杀菌剂使用过程控制技术研究”(182102110451);新疆兵团重大科技项目“特色林果业(红枣、苹果、香梨和葡萄)简约栽培标准化模式研究与示范推广”(2019AA004)

Fungicide Application in Apple Production: Investigation and Analysis of the Control Technologies

WANG Li(), HOU Hui, HUANG Tianxiang, YUAN Hongbo(), TU Hongtao()   

  1. Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute CAAS, Zhengzhou 450009
  • Received:2021-07-21 Revised:2021-09-03 Online:2022-06-25 Published:2022-07-14
  • Contact: YUAN Hongbo,TU Hongtao

摘要:

为了解苹果生产中杀菌剂使用过程控制技术现状。本研究以河南省苹果主产地的32个苹果园作为调查对象,通过走访和面对面问询,对苹果全生育期杀菌剂在整个生产过程中的使用情况进行调查和分析。结果发现存在以下问题:苹果生产中果农操作过程不规范;不同产地苹果园施药种类繁多,化学杀菌剂应用偏多,生物制剂应用偏少;不同园区杀菌剂的使用量有很大差别。从走访的32个果园来看,单个果园杀菌剂使用量最少的为27 kg/hm2,最多的为280.5 kg/hm2。用药次数差别较大,最少的6次,最多的14次。本研究针对苹果病害防治用药过程中存在的问题提出了相应的方法及建议,以期为制定苹果生产中杀菌剂使用过程控制技术体系提供理论支持。

关键词: 苹果, 杀菌剂, 控制技术, 调查, 分析

Abstract:

To understand current situation of control technologies of fungicide application in apple production, 32 apple orchards in main apple producing areas in Henan Province were investigated through visits and face-to-face interview, to analyze the fungicide application in the whole growth period of apple. The following problems are found by the study: the operation process in apple production is not standardized; a great varieties of fungicides are used in different apple orchards, and the application of chemical fungicides are more than that of biological agents; and there are significant differences in the application amount of fungicides in different orchards. Among the 32 orchards, the least application amount of fungicide is 27 kg/hm2, and the most is 280.5 kg/hm2. The application frequency is also different among the 32 orchards, the least is 6 times, and the most is 14 times. The corresponding methods are put forward to establish a process control technology system of fungicide application in apple production.

Key words: apple, fungicide, control technology, investigation, analysis

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