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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (27): 51-59.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0894

所属专题： 生物技术； 畜牧兽医； 水稻

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

稻壳生物质炭对羊粪堆肥中氮素转化及固定的影响

王海候1,2(), 程月琴3, 金梅娟1,2, 刘泽凯1, 施林林1,2, 陆长婴1,2   

  1. 1.江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所,江苏苏州 215100
    2.国家土壤质量相城观测实验站,江苏苏州 215100
    3.南京市耕地质量保护站,南京 210019
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-13 修回日期:2021-12-13 出版日期:2022-10-05 发布日期:2022-09-21
  • 作者简介:王海候,男,1979年出生,江苏启东人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向：农业废弃物无害化处置与农田应用。通信地址：215000 江苏省苏州市吴中区临湖镇东山大道2351号 苏州农科院,江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所,Tel：0512-65385097,E-mail： wanghaihou@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省基础研究计划（自然科学基金）面上项目“堆肥过程中生物质炭固氮作用的应用及机理”(BK20181165);江苏省第五期“333高层次人才培养工程”科研项目“堆肥过程中生物质炭固氮作用的应用及机理”(BRA2020128);苏州市农业科学院科研基金项目“农业废弃生物质装备化处置及定制化利用技术创新”(21012)

Effects of Rice Husk Biochar on Nitrogen Conversion and Fixation in Sheep Manure Composting

WANG Haihou1,2(), CHENG Yueqin3, JIN Meijuan1,2, LIU Zekai1, SHI Linlin1,2, LU Changying1,2   

  1. 1. Taihu Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215100
    2. National Soil Quality Observation and Experimental Station in Xiangcheng, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215100
    3. Nanjing Station of Quality Protection in Cultivated Land, Nanjing 210019
  • Received:2021-09-13 Revised:2021-12-13 Online:2022-10-05 Published:2022-09-21

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摘要：

为探讨稻壳生物质炭应用于羊粪堆肥过程中氮素的转化去向与固定途径,以羊粪、食用菌渣、450℃和650℃热解的稻壳生物质炭为原料,采用室外高温好氧堆肥方法,监测堆肥体氨挥发总量及不同形态氮素含量;采用室内吸附解吸浸提方法,分别对经稻壳生物质炭吸附后、稻壳生物质炭解吸后的浸提样品进行水溶性总氮、铵态氮含量等测定分析。结果表明：对比CK,BC450、BC650处理的氨挥发累积量分别降低了68.99%、75.09%、氮素固持率分别提高了26.2%、33.1%,降低了堆肥体水溶性总氮、铵态氮、腐殖态氮,提高了堆肥体微生物量氮,其中BC650处理的作用效应强于BC450处理;稻壳生物质炭对相同氮素含量载体进行吸附浸提后,BC450、BC650处理的氮素载体中全氮含量分别较吸附前降低了21.79%、28.6%,铵态氮含量分别降低了13.68%、32.45%;稻壳生物质炭解吸之后,BC650处理解吸液中的全氮、铵态氮含量均显著大于BC450处理;堆肥过程中生物质炭对氮素物理与化学吸附作用并存,吸附的氮素未能提高堆肥体的腐殖态氮含量,并且具有可逆解吸性,其中650℃热解的生物质炭比450℃热解的生物质炭具有更强的可逆性。

关键词: 羊粪, 堆肥, 生物质炭, 氮素, 转化, 固定

Abstract:

To study the conversion and fixation of nitrogen in the process of using rice husk biochar in sheep manure composting, we used sheep manure, edible mushroom residue and rice husk biochar pyrolyzed at 450℃ and 650℃ as raw materials, monitored the total ammonia volatilization and different forms of nitrogen content in compost by outdoor aerobic composting method. The water-soluble total nitrogen content and ammonium nitrogen content of the extracted samples after being adsorbed and desorbed by rice husk biochar were determined and analyzed by indoor adsorption and desorption method. The results showed that compared with those of CK, the ammonia volatilization accumulative amount of treatment BC450 and BC650 decreased by 68.99% and 75.09%, respectively, and the nitrogen retention rate increased by 26.2% and 33.1%, respectively, and the treatments reduced the water-soluble total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and humus nitrogen of the compost body, and increased the microbial biomass nitrogen of the compost body. The effect of treatment BC650 was stronger than that of treatment BC450. After the extraction of rice husk biochar with the same nitrogen content, the total nitrogen content in the nitrogen carriers treated by BC450 and BC650 was decreased by 21.79% and 28.6%, respectively, and the ammonium nitrogen content was decreased by 13.68% and 32.45%, respectively, compared with those before adsorption. After the desorption by rice husk biochar, the contents of total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in the desorption solution treated by BC650 were significantly higher than those treated by BC450. In the composting process, the physical adsorption and chemical adsorption of nitrogen by biochar coexist, and the adsorbed nitrogen fails to improve the humic nitrogen content of compost and has reversible desorption property. The biochar pyrolyzed at 650℃ has stronger reversibility than that pyrolyzed at 450℃.

Key words: sheep manure, compost, biochar, nitrogen, conversion, fixation

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