番石榴叶精油的提取、成分鉴定及对红火蚁的生物活性分析

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0058

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (36): 138-145.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0058

• 食品·营养·检测·安全 • 上一篇下一篇

番石榴叶精油的提取、成分鉴定及对红火蚁的生物活性分析

邵雪花(), 赖多, 肖维强, 刘传和, 贺涵, 匡石滋()

广东省农业科学院果树研究所/农业农村部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室/广东省热带亚热带果树研究重点实验室，广州 510640

收稿日期:2022-02-02 修回日期:2022-05-02 出版日期:2022-12-25 发布日期:2023-01-17
作者简介:
邵雪花，女，1983年出生，宁夏石嘴山人，助理研究员，博士，研究方向：果树育种与栽培技术研究。通信地址：510640 广东省广州市天河区大丰二街80号广东省农业科学院果树研究所，Tel：020-38765935，E-mail：sxh19831017@163.com。
基金资助:
广东省佛山市财政专项资金-2022年高水平广东省农业科技示范市建设项目“都市特色果树新品种优质高效栽培技术集成与示范”(2022); 广州市农村科技特派员项目“特色水果优质高效栽培关键技术的示范与推广”(20212100062)

Psidium guajava Essential Oil: Extraction, Component Identification and Bioactivity Against Red Imported Fire Ant

SHAO Xuehua(), LAI Duo, XIAO Weiqiang, LIU Chuanhe, HE Han, KUANG Shizi()

Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MARA)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640

Received:2022-02-02 Revised:2022-05-02 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2023-01-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为评价番石榴叶精油(EO)对红火蚁的熏蒸活性，采用熏蒸法和气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)等技术测定精油对红火蚁的生物活性。EO含有31种化合物，caryophyllene(37.86%)为主要化合物。生测结果表明，20 µL/管的EO熏蒸红火蚁48 h，死亡率达90%以上；熏蒸红火蚁9 h，聚集率下降了78%，攀爬率下降了45%，抓附率下降了34%，行走率下降了30%。10 µL/管的EO熏蒸红火蚁48 h，体内过氧化氢酶(CAT)和羧酸酯酶(CarE)酶活力分别降低了56.62%和58.57%，红火蚁毒腺分泌哌啶化合物的组分降低了50%。番石榴叶精油对红火蚁具备良好的熏蒸活性，并抑制其行为能力、体内酶活力及生物碱的分泌。本研究可为番石榴的深度开发及红火蚁的生物防控提供理论依据。

关键词: 番石榴, 精油, 红火蚁, 熏蒸活性, 行为能力

Abstract:

In order to investigate the fumigation activity of guava essential oil (EO) against red imported fire ants (RIFA), the bioactivity analysis of essential oil against RIFA was determined by fumigation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). 31 compounds were identified in EO, and caryophyllene (37.86%) was the major constituent in EO. The bioactivity test showed that when RIFA were fumigated for 48 h with 20 µL/tube of EO, the mortality rate reached more than 90%. After fumigation for 9 h, the aggregation rate was decreased by 78%, the climbing rate was decreased by 45%, the grabbing rate was decreased by 34%, and the walking rate was decreased by 30%. When RIFA were fumigated for 48 h with 10 µL/tube of EO, the catalase (CAT) and carboxylesterase (CarE) activities in vivo were decreased by 56.62% and 58.57%, respectively. The composition of piperidine compounds secreted by RIFA venom glands was decreased by 50%. In summary, the EO of guava has a good fumigation activity against RIFA, and it could inhibit the behavioral ability, enzyme activity and alkaloid secretion of RIFA. This study could provide a theoretical basis for the in-depth development of guava and the biological control of RIFA.

Key words: guava, essential oil, red imported fire ant, fumigation activity, behavioral ability

邵雪花, 赖多, 肖维强, 刘传和, 贺涵, 匡石滋. 番石榴叶精油的提取、成分鉴定及对红火蚁的生物活性分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(36): 138-145.

SHAO Xuehua, LAI Duo, XIAO Weiqiang, LIU Chuanhe, HE Han, KUANG Shizi. Psidium guajava Essential Oil: Extraction, Component Identification and Bioactivity Against Red Imported Fire Ant[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(36): 138-145.

图/表 5

参考文献 29

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序号	保留时间/min	化合物	百分比/%
1	5.188	Benzaldehyde	0.28
2	7.417	Limonene	0.03
3	7.708	α-Pinene	0.6
4	8.192	cis-β-Ocimene	0.13
5	14.058	α-Terpineol	0.07
6	20.825	(-)-α-Copaene	1.69
7	21.442	Alloaromadendren	0.07
8	21.642	(+)-α-Longipinene	0.04
9	21.808	(-)-α-Gurjunene	0.28
10	22.158	Caryophyllene	37.86
11	22.283	Humulen-(Ⅵ)	0.15
12	22.383	(+)-Calarene	0.12
13	22.642	α-Guaiene	0.21
14	22.892	α-Caryophyllene	4.69
15	23.675	α-Zingiberene	0.54
16	23.750	(+)-Ledene	0.75
17	23.867	α-Santalene	6.66
18	23.992	cis-α-Bisabolene	8.69
19	24.125	α-Amorphene	0.67
20	24.275	(-)-Isoledene	2.82
21	24.408	α-Bergamotene	1.89
22	24.950	Nerolidol	7.61
23	25.383	β-Humulen	7.43
24	25.675	[1R-(1α,3)]-4-ethenyl-α,α,4-trimethyl-3- (1-methylethenyl)-Cyclohexanemethanol	2.19
25	25.775	octahydro-1H-Inden-1-One	0.12
26	26.025	Thujopsene	0.39
27	26.225	γ-Muurolene	1.46
28	26.425	α-Eudesmol	0.69
29	26.583	cis-Myrtanol	0.39
30	26.792	Levomenol	0.48
31	33.125	Hexadecanoic acid	0.35

序号	保留时间/min	化合物	百分比/%
1	5.188	Benzaldehyde	0.28
2	7.417	Limonene	0.03
3	7.708	α-Pinene	0.6
4	8.192	cis-β-Ocimene	0.13
5	14.058	α-Terpineol	0.07
6	20.825	(-)-α-Copaene	1.69
7	21.442	Alloaromadendren	0.07
8	21.642	(+)-α-Longipinene	0.04
9	21.808	(-)-α-Gurjunene	0.28
10	22.158	Caryophyllene	37.86
11	22.283	Humulen-(Ⅵ)	0.15
12	22.383	(+)-Calarene	0.12
13	22.642	α-Guaiene	0.21
14	22.892	α-Caryophyllene	4.69
15	23.675	α-Zingiberene	0.54
16	23.750	(+)-Ledene	0.75
17	23.867	α-Santalene	6.66
18	23.992	cis-α-Bisabolene	8.69
19	24.125	α-Amorphene	0.67
20	24.275	(-)-Isoledene	2.82
21	24.408	α-Bergamotene	1.89
22	24.950	Nerolidol	7.61
23	25.383	β-Humulen	7.43
24	25.675	[1R-(1α,3)]-4-ethenyl-α,α,4-trimethyl-3- (1-methylethenyl)-Cyclohexanemethanol	2.19
25	25.775	octahydro-1H-Inden-1-One	0.12
26	26.025	Thujopsene	0.39
27	26.225	γ-Muurolene	1.46
28	26.425	α-Eudesmol	0.69
29	26.583	cis-Myrtanol	0.39
30	26.792	Levomenol	0.48
31	33.125	Hexadecanoic acid	0.35

项目		12 h	24 h	36 h	48 h	60 h
CAT	对照 CK	8.71±0.24a	8.64±0.11a	7.96±0.18a	8.23±0.26a	8.41±0.13a
CAT	处理	6.91±0.33b	5.92±0.33b	5.17±0.25b	4.66±0.31b	3.93±0.17b
CarE	对照 CK	6.65±1.00a	6.12±0.46a	5.94±0.44a	6.71±0.62a	6.64±0.74a
CarE	处理	5.68±0.79a	5.38±1.13a	4.13±0.70b	3.93±0.58b	3.17±0.12b

项目		12 h	24 h	36 h	48 h	60 h
CAT	对照 CK	8.71±0.24a	8.64±0.11a	7.96±0.18a	8.23±0.26a	8.41±0.13a
CAT	处理	6.91±0.33b	5.92±0.33b	5.17±0.25b	4.66±0.31b	3.93±0.17b
CarE	对照 CK	6.65±1.00a	6.12±0.46a	5.94±0.44a	6.71±0.62a	6.64±0.74a
CarE	处理	5.68±0.79a	5.38±1.13a	4.13±0.70b	3.93±0.58b	3.17±0.12b

序号	保留时间/min	化合物	CAS	对照CK	处理
1	20.77	(2S,6R)-2-methyl-6-nonylpiperidine	848415-28-1	+	+
2	21.015	2-methyl-6-propylpiperidine	068170-79-6	+	－
3	22.215	(2S,6R)-2-methyl-6-((Z)-non-4-en-1-yl) piperidine	181378-96-1	+	+
4	22.658	1-Piperidinepropanenitrile	003088-41-3	+	－
5	24.267	2-methyl-6-tridecyl-6-piperideine	1000111-54-1	+	+
6	24.57	1-(dicyclohexylphosphorothioyl) methylpiperidine	1000298-06-2	+	+
7	24.856	N-[2-(perfluorophenoxy)ethyl] piperidine	117766-21-9	+	+
8	26.278	4-chloro-1-methyl- piperidine	005570-77-4	+	－
9	26.534	2-methyl-6-tridecyl-6-piperideine	1000111-54-1	+	－
10	26.651	3,5-dichlorobenzoate-2- piperidine	1000240-19-9	+	－
11	26.808	1-(2-phenylethyl)- piperidine	000332-14-9	+	－
12	27.193	N-[azirid-1-ylmethyl]-piperidine	001523-29-1	+	+

番石榴叶精油的提取、成分鉴定及对红火蚁的生物活性分析

Psidium guajava Essential Oil: Extraction, Component Identification and Bioactivity Against Red Imported Fire Ant

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