外源钾对盐胁迫下植物生长和生理特征影响的研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0098

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 100-105.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0098

外源钾对盐胁迫下植物生长和生理特征影响的研究进展

平文超¹(), 徐婧¹, 曹平平¹, 张忠波¹, 王玉梅², 王安录¹, 蒋建勋¹()

¹ 沧州市农林科学院，河北省农作物耐盐碱评价与遗传改良重点实验室，河北沧州 061000
² 沧州职业技术学院，河北沧州 061000

收稿日期:2022-02-24 修回日期:2022-05-26 出版日期:2023-03-25 发布日期:2023-03-23
通讯作者: 蒋建勋，男，1987年出生，河北沧州人，助理研究员，硕士，研究方向：棉花高产栽培生理与技术。通信地址：061000 河北省沧州市运河区九河西路，Tel：0317-2128630，E-mail：jianxun.1023@163.com。
作者简介:
平文超，男，1981年出生，河北邯郸人，副研究员，硕士，研究方向：作物抗逆生理与栽培技术。通信地址：061000 河北省沧州市运河区九河西路，Tel：0317-2128630，E-mail：pingwenchao@126.com。
基金资助:
河北省高层次人才资助项目(C20221144); 国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-06-14.5-B1); 沧州市农林科学院基金项目(20210206)

Effects of Exogenous Potassium on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Plants Under Salt Stress: A Review

PING Wenchao¹(), XU Jing¹, CAO Pingping¹, ZHANG Zhongbo¹, WANG Yumei², WANG Anlu¹, JIANG Jianxun¹()

¹ Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Saline Tolerance Evaluation and Genetic Improvement of Hebei Province, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000
² Cangzhou Technical College, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000

Received:2022-02-24 Revised:2022-05-26 Online:2023-03-25 Published:2023-03-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

钾离子参与植物多个生理代谢过程，能不同程度地缓解植物受到的盐胁迫，促进植物生长发育。为了全面了解外源钾对盐胁迫下植物生长的影响，本研究归纳了盐胁迫对植物生长代谢的影响，钾在植物体内的生理作用以及外源钾对盐胁迫下植物生长生理特征的影响；分析了钾对盐胁迫下植物的生长发育、光合荧光特性、渗透物质及抗氧化酶活性、体内水分状况及离子分布的影响。针对当前钾离子缓解植物盐胁迫的分子机制及应用研究较少的问题，建议在今后的研究着重从以下两方面开展：（1）明确盐胁迫下植物体内钾离子转运机制、信号转导和相关基因的调控表达；（2）开展盐碱地肥料长期定位研究并研发可以提高植物耐盐性的新型钾肥。通过以上研究的开展，可为今后利用钾提高植物耐盐性以及盐渍土壤的改良提供解决方案。

关键词: 盐胁迫, 外源钾, K⁺/Na⁺比值, 渗透势, 酶活性

Abstract:

Potassium ion is involved in many physiological metabolic processes of plants, and can alleviate the salt stress of plants to varying degrees and promote plant growth and development. In order to fully understand the effects of exogenous potassium on plant growth under salt stress, this study summarized the effects of salt stress on plant growth and metabolism, the physiological role of potassium in plants, and the effect of exogenous potassium on the physiological characteristics of plant growth under salt stress. The study also analyzed the effects of potassium on growth and development, photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics, osmotic substances, antioxidant enzyme activities, water status, and ion distribution in plants under salt stress. Considering the lack of research on the molecular mechanism of potassium ion in alleviating salt stress in plants and its application, we suggested that future studies should focus on the two following aspects: (1) to identify the regulation and expression of potassium ion transport mechanism, signal transduction, and related genes in plants under salt stress; (2) to carry out long-term fertilizer positioning experiment and develop new potassium fertilizers that can improve salt tolerance in plants. In summary, the study can provide a solution for plant salt tolerance enhancement and saline soil improvement by using potassium in the future.

Key words: salt stress, exogenous potassium, K⁺/Na⁺ ratio, osmotic potential, enzyme activity

平文超, 徐婧, 曹平平, 张忠波, 王玉梅, 王安录, 蒋建勋. 外源钾对盐胁迫下植物生长和生理特征影响的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(9): 100-105.

PING Wenchao, XU Jing, CAO Pingping, ZHANG Zhongbo, WANG Yumei, WANG Anlu, JIANG Jianxun. Effects of Exogenous Potassium on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Plants Under Salt Stress: A Review[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(9): 100-105.

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外源钾对盐胁迫下植物生长和生理特征影响的研究进展

Effects of Exogenous Potassium on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Plants Under Salt Stress: A Review

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