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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (36): 42-47.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1205

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同烤烟品种成熟期氮代谢及次生代谢差异研究

徐志强(), 刘化冰, 张晓兵, 赵燕平, 钟永健, 顾超, 李峥()   

  1. 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司，杭州 310024
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-21 修回日期:2022-04-09 出版日期:2022-12-25 发布日期:2023-01-17
  • 作者简介:

    徐志强，男，1980年出生，山东莒县人，本科，烟叶分级高级技师，主要从事烟叶质量评价与工业应用。通信地址：310024 浙江省杭州市西湖区转塘街道科海路118号 浙江中烟技术中心原料研究管理部，Tel：15314629003，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    浙江中烟工业有限责任公司重点科技项目“烟叶评级感官因子数字化表征技术研究”(ZJZY2021B001); 中国烟草总公司河南省公司重点项目“高香气特色品种选育与工业应用研究”(2021410000240021)

Nitrogen Metabolism and Secondary Metabolism of Different Flue-cured Tobacco Varieties at Maturity Stage

XU Zhiqiang(), LIU Huabing, ZHANG Xiaobing, ZHAO Yanping, ZHONG Yongjian, GU Chao, LI Zheng()   

  1. China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310024
  • Received:2021-12-21 Revised:2022-04-09 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2023-01-17

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摘要：

为研究不同烤烟品种成熟期氮代谢及次生代谢的差异性，探究不同烤烟品种合适的施氮量。以‘NC71’、‘云烟105’、‘豫烟13号’为试验材料，设置低氮(30 kg/hm2 )、中氮(45 kg/hm2)、高氮(60 kg/hm2)3个处理，对成熟期氮代谢关键酶活性及其产物、次生代谢产物的含量进行测定。结果表明，‘NC71’高氮处理、‘豫烟13号’低氮处理、‘云烟105’中氮处理的硝酸还原酶(NR)活性分别为1.474、1.395、1.533 U/g；谷氨酸合成酶(GOGAT)活性分别为218.447、192.276、203.052 nmol/(mg·min)；总酚含量分别为6.652%、6.539%、6.076%，差异均未达到显著水平。相关性分析表明，NR活性与类胡萝卜素的相关系数达到0.855，达到极显著水平，与游离氨基酸、烟碱和总酚的相关系数均在0.6以上，呈显著正相关；谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性与其次生代谢产物的相关系数均在0.5以上，且均达到显著水平。改变NR、GS活性会影响氮代谢次生代谢产物含量，有利于烟叶品质改善。表明不同烤烟品种适宜氮用量存在显著差异，在成熟期利用NR、GS活性去衡量施氮量具有指导意义。

关键词: 烤烟, 成熟期, 氮代谢, 次生代谢, 施氮量, 酶活性

Abstract:

In order to study the differences of nitrogen metabolism and secondary metabolism of different flue-cured tobacco varieties at maturity stage, and explore the appropriate nitrogen application amount for different flue-cured tobacco varieties, we used ‘NC71’, ‘Yunyan105’ and ‘Yuyan13’ as the research materials. The experiment was set up with three treatments: low nitrogen (30 kg/hm2), medium nitrogen (45 kg/hm2), and high nitrogen (60 kg/hm2). Determination of key enzyme activities of nitrogen metabolism and the contents of its products and secondary metabolites at maturity stage was carried out. The result showed that the nitrate reductase (NR) activities of ‘NC71’ high nitrogen treatment, ‘Yuyan13’ low nitrogen treatment and ‘Yunyan105’ medium nitrogen treatment were 1.474 U/g, 1.395 U/g and 1.533 U/g, respectively. The glutamate synthase (GOGAT) activities were 218.447 nmol/(mg·min), 192.276 nmol/(mg·min) and 203.052 nmol/(mg·min), respectively. The contents of total phenols were 6.652%, 6.539% and 6.076%, respectively. The differences of the above indicators did not reach a significant level. Correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficient between nitrate reductase activity and carotenoids was 0.855, reaching a very significant level. Nitrate reductase activity was significantly positively correlated with free amino acids, nicotine and total phenols, and the correlation coefficients were more than 0.6. Glutamine synthetase (GS) activity was significantly positively correlated with the secondary metabolites, and the correlation coefficients were more than 0.5. Changing the activities of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase could affect the contents of secondary metabolites of nitrogen metabolism, which was conducive to the improvement of tobacco quality. In conclusion, there are significant differences in the appropriate nitrogen application amount among different flue-cured tobacco varieties. It is important to use nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activities to measure nitrogen application amount at maturity stage.

Key words: flue-cured tobacco, maturity stage, nitrogen metabolism, secondary metabolism, suitable nitrogen application amount, enzyme activity