长期不同施肥对光合碳在甘薯-土壤系统中分配的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0452

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (15): 85-91.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0452

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇下一篇

长期不同施肥对光合碳在甘薯-土壤系统中分配的影响

魏猛(), 赵鹏, 贾志航, 蒋薇, 张佳, 唐忠厚, 张爱君()

江苏徐州甘薯研究中心/江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所，江苏徐州 221131

收稿日期:2022-07-01 修回日期:2022-10-13 出版日期:2023-05-25 发布日期:2023-05-22
通讯作者: 张爱君，男，1963年出生，江苏宜兴人，研究员，学士，主要从事土壤培肥及甘薯栽培技术研究。通信地址：221131 江苏省徐州市城东大道徐州市农业科学院科研楼8227室，Tel：0516-82189235，E-mail：zhangaijun608@163.com。
作者简介:
魏猛，男，1983年出生，山东济宁人，副研究员，博士，主要从事土壤养分管理方面研究。通信地址：221131 江苏省徐州市城东大道徐州市农业科学院综合楼8416室，Tel：0516-82189160，E-mail：weimeng1024@163.com。
基金资助:
江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20191151)

Effects of Different Long-term Fertilization Modes on Photosynthetic Carbon Distribution in Sweetpotato Cropping System

WEI Meng(), ZHAO Peng, JIA Zhihang, JIANG Wei, ZHANG Jia, TANG Zhonghou, ZHANG Aijun()

Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center of Jiangsu Province/Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Xuhuai District of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221131

Received:2022-07-01 Revised:2022-10-13 Online:2023-05-25 Published:2023-05-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

依托40年长期定位试验研究平台，采用¹³CO₂脉冲标记方法对4种不同施肥方式下光合碳在甘薯-土壤系统中的分配进行了定量研究。结果表明：施肥能显著增加甘薯植株各器官的生物量与干物质量，以有机无机配施处理增加幅度最为显著。甘薯-土壤系统光合固定碳转移较快，且分配差异较大，其¹³C丰度在脉冲标记1 d后表现为：叶片、叶柄>藤蔓、块根>土体，且不施肥处理地上部¹³C丰度显著高于施肥处理。脉冲标记30 d后，甘薯植株各器官¹³C丰度降低，其中在地上部分配比例为19.38%~31.44%，块根中为60.19%~71.86%，而土体¹³C丰度却略有升高，分配比例为8.05%~11.11%；与不施肥处理相比，施肥处理显著增加块根中¹³C含量，且MNPK处理块根中¹³C含量显著高于NPK和M处理，表明在甘薯膨大期施肥处理有利于光合碳在块根中累积，其中以有机无机配施累积效果更为显著。

关键词: 长期施肥, 甘薯, ¹³C标记, 光合碳, 分配

Abstract:

The ¹³CO₂ pulse labeling technique was used to trace ¹³C in sweetpotato cropping system and evaluate the effects of 4 fertilization modes (CK: no fertilization, NPK: combined application of N, P and K fertilizer, M: organic fertilizer, MNPK: combination of N, P, K and organic fertilizer) on the distribution of photosynthetic carbon based on 40-year long-term fertilization experiment in Xuzhou of Jiangsu Province. The results showed that fertilizer application significantly increased the biomass and dry matter weight of sweetpotato, and the increasing range of MNPK treatment was higher than that of other fertilization treatments. The carbon was quickly translocated and unevenly distributed in the sweetpotato cropping system on D1 (the first day after labeling), following the order of leaf, petiole>stem, root>bulk soil, and the δ¹³C value in the aboveground parts under no fertilization was significantly higher than that under fertilization. The δ¹³C value in various sweetpotato plant organs decreased from D1 to D30 (the 30th day after labeling), with the distribution ratio ranged from 19.38% to 31.44% in the aboveground parts, and from 60.19% to 71.86% in roots; while the δ¹³C value in bulk soil increased slightly after labeling, with the distribution ratio ranged from 8.05% to 11.11%. Fertilizer application significantly increased the content of ¹³C in the roots compared with no fertilization. And the content of ¹³C in roots under MNPK treatment was significantly higher than that under NPK and M treatments, indicating that fertilizer application during the expansion stage of sweetpotato was beneficial to the accumulation of photosynthetic carbon in roots, and the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers had significant cumulative effect.

Key words: long-term fertilization, sweetpotato, ¹³C labeling, photosynthetic carbon, distribution

魏猛, 赵鹏, 贾志航, 蒋薇, 张佳, 唐忠厚, 张爱君. 长期不同施肥对光合碳在甘薯-土壤系统中分配的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(15): 85-91.

WEI Meng, ZHAO Peng, JIA Zhihang, JIANG Wei, ZHANG Jia, TANG Zhonghou, ZHANG Aijun. Effects of Different Long-term Fertilization Modes on Photosynthetic Carbon Distribution in Sweetpotato Cropping System[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(15): 85-91.

图/表 6

参考文献 25

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处理	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	有机肥
CK	0	0	0	0
NPK	300	150	225	0
M	0	0	0	37500
MNPK	300	150	225	37500

处理	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	有机肥
CK	0	0	0	0
NPK	300	150	225	0
M	0	0	0	37500
MNPK	300	150	225	37500

处理	pH (2.5:1)	电导率EC/(μS/cm)	有机碳SOC/(g/kg)	全氮TN/(g/kg)	有效磷AP/(mg/kg)	速效钾AK/(mg/kg)
CK	7.95	356.73	8.42	0.73	5.84	38.08
NPK	7.91	130.78	13.06	1.22	12.87	92.11
M	7.94	77.32	17.63	1.48	173.84	65.08
MNPK	7.82	133.95	18.18	1.67	131.45	124.56

处理	pH (2.5:1)	电导率EC/(μS/cm)	有机碳SOC/(g/kg)	全氮TN/(g/kg)	有效磷AP/(mg/kg)	速效钾AK/(mg/kg)
CK	7.95	356.73	8.42	0.73	5.84	38.08
NPK	7.91	130.78	13.06	1.22	12.87	92.11
M	7.94	77.32	17.63	1.48	173.84	65.08
MNPK	7.82	133.95	18.18	1.67	131.45	124.56

处理		生物量					干物质量
		地上部			块根		地上部			块根
				叶片	块根	叶柄	藤蔓			块根	叶片	叶柄	藤蔓
1 d	CK	25.23±5.67c	22.48±4.00c	19.31±1.85b	132.89±14.81c		4.51±1.20c	2.03±0.37c	2.99±0.18b	34.79±4.33c
	NPK	44.24±1.83b	61.75±10.26b	85.42±12.71a	268.36±20.38b		7.59±0.32b	4.95±0.83b	11.99±1.72a	66.42±7.92b
	M	47.41±6.65b	70.51±4.54ab	78.48±20.47a	332.71±75.36ab		8.21±1.28b	5.47±0.27b	11.13±3.24a	83.89±10.44b
	MNPK	66.86±8.69a	79.77±5.27a	95.06±32.92a	393.62±42.75a		10.97±1.45a	6.72±0.89a	13.31± 3.44a	103.17±11.98a
30 d	CK	57.84±13.94b	30.05±7.07c	27.82±6.67c	231.09±96.36c		12.37±1.22b	3.09±0.49c	5.50±0.65b	81.32±23.55c
	NPK	148.94±88.80a	106.72±66.33b	105.60±47.46b	622.25±243.66b		32.72±8.96a	8.68±2.88b	21.28±3.67a	201.24±32.72b
	M	121.15±40.14a	121.11±41.97ab	121.18±13.64ab	774.39±201.87b		22.80±1.93a	10.66±2.00ab	18.92±0.49a	232.10±23.36b
	MNPK	157.80±68.15a	168.89±70.79a	146.68±51.96a	994.47±309.72a		28.49±8.26a	13.13±2.84a	21.09±5.14a	313.33±39.25a

长期不同施肥对光合碳在甘薯-土壤系统中分配的影响

Effects of Different Long-term Fertilization Modes on Photosynthetic Carbon Distribution in Sweetpotato Cropping System

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处理		地上部			块根	土体
处理		叶片	叶柄	藤蔓	块根	土体
1 d	CK	238.35±14.53a	91.36±5.80b	78.69±3.20b	543.57±53.07b	77.85±10.31a
	NPK	191.52±20.16b	176.68±17.75a	278.88±24.17a	895.82±156.87a	87.87±13.92a
	M	128.74±15.41c	111.20±17.94b	89.66±5.26b	800.84±122.54a	78.33±15.49a
	MNPK	164.62±23.58b	125.89±16.26b	71.64±7.51b	836.09±127.79a	94.64±8.31a
30 d	CK	141.95±23.90a	68.43±5.93b	46.90±5.92b	539.41±34.67c	99.54±8.17a
	NPK	145.35±26.56a	106.04±12.99a	112.63±8.40a	700.57±40.11b	93.25±13.90a
	M	86.40±6.63b	83.40±14.19ab	66.88±8.76b	735.18±75.61b	99.69±12.35a
	MNPK	87.52±15.47b	78.40±12.38ab	63.81±23.83b	851.65±32.40a	103.80±15.69a

处理		地上部			块根	土体
处理		叶片	叶柄	藤蔓	块根	土体
1 d	CK	238.35±14.53a	91.36±5.80b	78.69±3.20b	543.57±53.07b	77.85±10.31a
	NPK	191.52±20.16b	176.68±17.75a	278.88±24.17a	895.82±156.87a	87.87±13.92a
	M	128.74±15.41c	111.20±17.94b	89.66±5.26b	800.84±122.54a	78.33±15.49a
	MNPK	164.62±23.58b	125.89±16.26b	71.64±7.51b	836.09±127.79a	94.64±8.31a
30 d	CK	141.95±23.90a	68.43±5.93b	46.90±5.92b	539.41±34.67c	99.54±8.17a
	NPK	145.35±26.56a	106.04±12.99a	112.63±8.40a	700.57±40.11b	93.25±13.90a
	M	86.40±6.63b	83.40±14.19ab	66.88±8.76b	735.18±75.61b	99.69±12.35a
	MNPK	87.52±15.47b	78.40±12.38ab	63.81±23.83b	851.65±32.40a	103.80±15.69a