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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (36): 148-153.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0049

• 水产·渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

2种养殖模式下鲫鱼型体、体色和肌肉品质的比较研究

赵蔚蓝(), 张婷, 李梦娇, 王灿莉, 王恒杰, 季青霞, 王志远, 袁向阳()   

  1. 江苏省益生制剂重点建设实验室/生命科学与食品工程学院,淮阴工学院,江苏淮安 223003
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-24 修回日期:2023-04-12 出版日期:2023-12-25 发布日期:2023-12-20
  • 通讯作者:
    袁向阳,男,1988年出生,江苏新沂人,校聘副教授,主要从事水产动物生理与营养学研究。通信地址:223003 江苏省淮安市清江浦区枚乘东路一号,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    赵蔚蓝,女,2000年出生,安徽合肥人,本科生,研究方向:水产动物生理与营养学。通信地址:223003 江苏省淮安市清江浦区枚乘东路一号,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“氨氮胁迫抑制团头鲂机体蛋白合成的分子机制研究”(32302980); 江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)面上项目“克氏原螯虾新型功能性蛋白源的开发”(21KJB240002); 淮阴工学院2022年研究生科技创新计划项目“姜黄素的高效提取及其纳米胶囊的制备研究”(HGYK202203); 淮阴工学院2022级大学生创新创业训练计划项目“酵母酶解产物替代克氏原螯虾饲料中鱼粉的可行性研究”(202211049305XJ)

Comparative Study on Body Parameters, Colour and Meat Quality Characteristics of Crucian Carp (Carasslius auratus) Cultured Under Two Modes

ZHAO Weilan(), ZHANG Ting, LI Mengjiao, WANG Canli, WANG Hengjie, JI Qingxia, WANG Zhiyuan, YUAN Xiangyang()   

  1. Jiangsu Provincial Key Construction Laboratory of Probiotics Preparation/School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003
  • Received:2022-01-24 Revised:2023-04-12 Published-:2023-12-25 Online:2023-12-20

摘要:

旨在探究2种常见的养殖模式对鲫鱼的体色和肌肉品质影响,随机选取人工养殖模式(230.90±8.14) g和野生模式(179.43±13.01) g的活鲫鱼,分析了实验鱼形体指标、体色、肌肉成分、氨基酸含量、质构等特性。结果显示:人工养殖模式下鲫鱼的肥满度、脏体比和粗脂肪含量显著高于野生模式(P<0.05)。2种养殖模式下鲫鱼的体高比体长值无显著差异(P>0.05)。人工养殖模式下鲫鱼背部和腹部的体色L值和B值显著小于野生模式(P>0.05)。2种养殖模式间鲫鱼的肌肉中水分、粗蛋白和灰分含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。此外,野生模式下鲫鱼肌肉的硬度、胶着性、弹性和咀嚼性均显著高于人工养殖模式(P<0.05)。在必需氨基酸组成中,野生模式下鲫鱼肌肉中苏氨酸、缬氨酸和亮氨酸含量显著高于人工养殖模式(P<0.05);在非必需氨基酸组成中,人工养殖模式下鲫鱼肌肉中谷氨酸含量显著高于野生模式(P<0.05)。综上可知,与池塘养殖模式相比,野生模式下鲫鱼具有高质构、低脂肪等特点,但形体指标弱于人工养殖模式。

关键词: 养殖模式, 鲫鱼, 体色, 质构, 氨基酸

Abstract:

This study was performed to investigate the body color and meat quality of crucian carp (Carasslius auratus) cultured under two modes. Experimental fishes of artificial culture mode (230.90±8.14) g and wild mode (179.43±13.01) g were randomly selected. The body parameters, color, muscle composition, amino acids contents and muscle texture of crucian carp of two modes were measured. The results showed that the condition factor, viscera index, crude lipid content of crucian carp under artificial culture mode were higher than those under wild mode (P<0.05), but no significant difference was observed in body height/ body length (P>0.05). L and B values of crucian carp under artificial culture mode were significantly lower than those under wild mode (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in moisture, crude protein and ash (P>0.05). In addition, the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, chewiness of the muscle of crucian carp under wild mode were significantly higher than those under artificial culture mode (P<0.05). For essential amino acid, threonine, valine, leucine contents in muscle of crucian carp under wild mode were significantly higher than those under artificial culture mode (P<0.05). For nonessential amino acid, glutamate content in muscle of crucian carp under artificial culture mode was significantly higher than those under wild mode (P<0.05). In conclusion, compared with pond culture mode, crucian carp in wild culture mode has the characteristics of higher texture and lower fat, but its physical indexes are weaker than those in artificial culture mode.

Key words: aquaculture models, Carassius auratus, body color, texture, amino acids profile