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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (15): 53-58.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0322

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

油葵耐盐碱种质鉴定与品种选育研究进展

李建斌1(), 柳延涛2(), 赵长延1, 贾秀苹3, 段维2(), 刘胜利2, 朱志锋4   

  1. 1 塔里木大学农学院，新疆阿拉尔 843300
    2 新疆农垦科学院作物研究所，新疆石河子 832000
    3 甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所，兰州 730070
    4 中国种子集团有限公司，海南三亚572024
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-28 修回日期:2023-07-15 出版日期:2024-05-23 发布日期:2024-05-23
  • 通讯作者:
    柳延涛，男，1979年出生，河南郑州人，研究员，硕导，研究生，硕士，主要从事向日葵育种及高产栽培机理研究。E-mail：。
    段维，女，1968年出生，新疆库尔勒人，研究员，硕导，本科，学士，主要从事向日葵新品种选育、高产栽培技术研究及推广工作。E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    李建斌，男，1998年出生，新疆库尔勒人，在读硕士，主要从事油葵耐盐碱生理机制研究。通信地址：832000新疆石河子市乌伊公路221号 新疆农垦科学院，Tel：0993-2696352，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    兵团科技创新人才项目“向日葵耐盐碱种质资源创制及关键耐盐基因挖掘”(2023CB007-06); 甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划项目“向日葵抗盐碱种质资源筛选及抗性基因挖掘”(2022GAAS20); 第六师五家渠市科技计划项目“食葵增产增效关键技术研究与示范”(2214); 第九师科技计划项目“塔额盆地食葵提质增效关键技术集成与示范”(2021JS007); 向日葵现代技术产业体系建设项目“油葵品质改良”(CARS-16)

Salt and Alkali-resistant Oil Sunflower: A Review on Germplasm Identification and Variety Breeding

LI Jianbin1(), LIU Yantao2(), ZHAO Changyan1, JIA Xiuping3, DUAN Wei2(), LIU Shengli2, ZHU Zhifeng4   

  1. 1 College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300
    2 Crop Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000
    3 Crop Research Institute of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070
    4 China Seed Group Co., Ltd., Sanya, Hainan 572024
  • Received:2023-04-28 Revised:2023-07-15 Published:2024-05-23 Online:2024-05-23

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摘要：

油葵是北方地区重要的油料作物之一，目前盐碱危害范围逐步扩大，已成为制约油葵发展的重要瓶颈，为了在盐碱地区开展耐盐碱种质资源鉴定与利用研究，选育优质耐盐碱向日葵品种是提高盐碱地作物种植产量和农业可持续发展的重要措施之一。本文从归纳油葵响应盐碱胁迫生理机制，总结油葵响应盐碱胁迫分子机制以及分析油葵耐盐碱种质资源的鉴定和优异资源的筛选等方面详细综述国内外进展，概述了目前油葵耐盐碱品种选育及种质资源创新的最新研究状况，并对未来耐盐碱种质资源创新利用和新品种选育提出新的研究思路和方法：一是通过鉴定种质材料，确定其耐盐碱性等级；二是对已收集和筛选到的种质材料进一步研究其抗逆性机制。同时也为开展油葵耐盐碱品种选育提供理论依据奠定基础。

关键词: 油葵, 耐盐碱, 种质资源, 鉴定, 选育

Abstract:

Oil sunflower is one of the important oil crops in the northern region. At present, the scope of saline-alkali hazards is gradually expanding, which has become an important bottleneck restricting the development of oil sunflower. In order to carry out the identification and utilization of saline-alkali tolerant germplasm resources in saline-alkali areas, cultivating high-quality saline-alkali tolerant sunflower varieties is one of the important measures to improve the planting efficiency of saline-alkali crops and the sustainable development of agriculture. In this paper, the physiological mechanism of oil sunflower in response to saline-alkali stress was summarized, the molecular mechanism of oil sunflower response to saline-alkali stress, the identification of salt-tolerant germplasm resources of oil sunflower and the screening of excellent resources were reviewed. The latest research status of salt-tolerant variety breeding and germplasm resources innovation of oil sunflower were summarized. The study put forward new research ideas and methods for the innovative utilization of salt-tolerant germplasm resources and breeding of new varieties in the future. One was to determine the salinity tolerance level by identifying germplasm materials; the second was to further study the stress resistance mechanism of the collected and screened germplasm materials. At the same time, it also provided a theoretical basis for the breeding of salt-tolerant varieties of oil sunflower.

Key words: oil sunflower, salt and alkali resistance, germplasm resources, identification, breeding