芽孢杆菌对克氏原螯虾生长性能、消化、非特异性免疫和抗病力的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0186

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (31): 159-164.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0186

• 水产·渔业 • 上一篇

芽孢杆菌对克氏原螯虾生长性能、消化、非特异性免疫和抗病力的影响

单金峰(), 吴春, 王腾, 王泽平, 王信海()

江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所，江苏宿迁 223800

收稿日期:2024-03-18 修回日期:2024-07-04 出版日期:2024-11-05 发布日期:2024-11-04
通讯作者:
王信海，男，1982年出生，山东青岛人，副研究员，硕士，主要从事水产养殖方面的研究。通信地址：223800 江苏省宿迁市宿支路16号宿迁市农业科学院，Tel：0527-80878828，E-mail：649896617@qq.com。
作者简介:
单金峰，男，1988年出生，河南周口人，助理研究员，硕士，主要从事水产养殖方面的研究。通信地址：223800 江苏省宿迁市宿支路16号宿迁市农业科学院，Tel：0527-80878828，E-mail：377061452@qq.com。
基金资助:
宿迁市农业科技自主创新资金项目“基于群体感应抑制角度防控稻虾养殖中细菌性病害研究与应用”(SQCX202204); 宿迁市农业科技自主创新资金项目“基于群体感应抑制角度防控稻虾养殖中细菌性病害研究与应用”(3177)

Effect of Bacillus on Growth Performance, Digestion, Non-Specific Immunity and Disease Resistance of Procambarus clarkii

SHAN Jinfeng(), WU Chun, WANG Teng, WANG Zeping, WANG Xinhai()

Suqian Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800

Received:2024-03-18 Revised:2024-07-04 Published:2024-11-05 Online:2024-11-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨芽孢杆菌对克氏原螯虾生长性能、消化、非特异性免疫和抗病力的影响，随机选取270尾体质量为(9.36±1.40) g的克氏原螯虾，随机分为3组，分别为不添加芽孢杆菌组(CK)、添加凝结芽孢杆菌组(T₁)和添加枯草芽孢杆菌组(T₂)，进行为期4周的养殖试验。结果显示，各组终末体重均无显著性差异(P>0.05)，而T₁和T₂的增重率、特定生长率、成活率和肝胰腺指数均显著高于CK(P<0.05)；T₁和T₂的酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、溶菌酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性均显著高于CK(P<0.05)；T₁和T₂的脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性均显著高于CK(P<0.05)，T₁组的淀粉酶活性显著高于CK和T₂(P<0.05)，而T₂组淀粉酶活性与CK无显著差异(P>0.05)。WSSV攻毒后，T₁和T₂克氏原螯虾成活率显著高于CK(P<0.05)。综上所述，凝结芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌均可以显著提升克氏原螯虾的生长性能，提高其肠道消化酶活力和血清非特异性免疫酶活力，增强感染WSSV时的抗病力，降低死亡率。

关键词: 克氏原螯虾, 枯草芽孢杆菌, 凝结芽孢杆菌, 非特异性免疫, 抗病力

Abstract:

To study the effects of Bacillus on the growth performance, digestion, non-specific immunity and disease resistance of Procambarus clarkii, a total of 270 P. clarkii with body weight of (9.36±1.40) g were selected and divided into 3 groups of CK (without Bacillus) group, T₁ (with B. coagulans) group and T₂ (with B. subtilis) group, for a 4-week culture experiment. The results showed that there were no significant differences in final body weight among all groups (P>0.05), while WGR, SGR, SR and HSI in groups T₁ and T₂ were significantly higher than those in group CK (P<0.05). The activities of ACP, ALP, LZM and SOD in groups T₁ and T₂ were significantly higher than those in group CK (P<0.05). The LPS and TPS activities of groups T₁ and T₂ were significantly higher than those of group CK (P<0.05), and the AMS activity of group T₁ was significantly higher than that of groups CK and T₂ (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between groups T₂ and CK (P>0.05). After WSSV challenge, the survival rate of P. clarkii in groups T₁ and T₂ was significantly higher than that in group CK (P<0.05). In conclusion, the two species of bacilluscan significantly improve the growth performance of P. clarkii, increase intestinal digestive enzyme and serum non-specific immunoenzyme activity, enhance disease resistance and reduce mortality when infected with WSSV.

Key words: Procambarus clarkii, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus subtilis, non-specific immunity, disease resistance

单金峰, 吴春, 王腾, 王泽平, 王信海. 芽孢杆菌对克氏原螯虾生长性能、消化、非特异性免疫和抗病力的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(31): 159-164.

SHAN Jinfeng, WU Chun, WANG Teng, WANG Zeping, WANG Xinhai. Effect of Bacillus on Growth Performance, Digestion, Non-Specific Immunity and Disease Resistance of Procambarus clarkii[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(31): 159-164.

图/表 4

参考文献 46

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组别	初始体重/g	终末体重/g	WGR/%	SGR/(%/d)	SR/%	HSI/%
CK	9.36±1.40	15.66±0.26	67.30±1.57b	1.37±0.08b	86.67±2.63b	5.42±0.23c
T₁	9.36±1.40	16.27±0.18	73.82±1.65a	1.49±0.03a	92.23±2.89a	7.73±0.57b
T₂	9.36±1.40	16.85±0.23	80.02±1.71a	1.52±0.04a	91.11±2.74a	8.26±0.35a

组别	初始体重/g	终末体重/g	WGR/%	SGR/(%/d)	SR/%	HSI/%
CK	9.36±1.40	15.66±0.26	67.30±1.57b	1.37±0.08b	86.67±2.63b	5.42±0.23c
T₁	9.36±1.40	16.27±0.18	73.82±1.65a	1.49±0.03a	92.23±2.89a	7.73±0.57b
T₂	9.36±1.40	16.85±0.23	80.02±1.71a	1.52±0.04a	91.11±2.74a	8.26±0.35a

组别	ACP	ALP	LZM	SOD
CK	75.25±4.06b	52.04±6.73b	30.26±0.71c	154.33±3.82c
T₁	93.47±5.12a	66.94±7.43a	42.85±0.93a	196.37±2.48b
T₂	91.06±3.47a	69.75±5.21a	38.22±1.37b	232.72±4.41a

组别	ACP	ALP	LZM	SOD
CK	75.25±4.06b	52.04±6.73b	30.26±0.71c	154.33±3.82c
T₁	93.47±5.12a	66.94±7.43a	42.85±0.93a	196.37±2.48b
T₂	91.06±3.47a	69.75±5.21a	38.22±1.37b	232.72±4.41a

组别	AMS	LPS	TPS
CK	0.82±0.11b	98.04±0.02b	4.18±0.39b
T₁	0.91±0.18a	216.45±3.09a	5.64±0.87a
T₂	0.84±0.24b	236.33±4.14a	5.83±1.09a

芽孢杆菌对克氏原螯虾生长性能、消化、非特异性免疫和抗病力的影响

Effect of Bacillus on Growth Performance, Digestion, Non-Specific Immunity and Disease Resistance of Procambarus clarkii

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