AM真菌对桑树类胡萝卜素及黄酮类化合物的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0459

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究在未灭菌的土壤条件下接种3种AM真菌对桑树生长发育及其活性物质的影响，以‘特优2号’桑树品种为试材，自然泥土为基质，设置对照组(CK)和接种幼套近明球囊霉(Claroideoglomus etunicatum，CE)、摩西斗管囊霉(Funneliformis mosseae，FM)、根内根孢囊霉(Rhizophagus intraradices，RI)4个处理进行盆栽试验。生长120 d测得桑树的生物量、桑叶的类胡萝卜素和黄酮类化合物等数据。研究结果表明，接种CE、FM和RI的根鲜重比对照组分别增加了57.57%、81.92%和90.03%；与CK相比，接种CE、FM和RI的根干重分别增加了24.10%、47.65%和72.58%；与CK相比，接种CE、FM和RI的净光合速率分别增加了20.73%、4.22%和25.41%，类胡萝卜素含量分别增加了28.57%、28.57%和35.71%，接种CE、FM和RI的桑叶中的黄酮类化合物平均含量分别为4.23 mg/g、3.31 mg/g、3.85 mg/g，均高于CK的2.55 mg/g。在未灭菌的土壤环境下接种AM真菌对桑树的生长发育有不同的影响，促进了桑树根系生长，增加了桑叶的活性物质积累，与桑树有较好的共生关系。

关键词: 丛枝菌根真菌, 桑树, 根系, 未灭菌, 生长发育, 黄酮类化合物, 共生关系, 类胡萝卜素

Abstract:

This study explores the effects of inoculating three types of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on the growth and development, and active compound production of mulberry trees in non-sterilized soil. Using the 'TeYou No. 2' mulberry variety as material and natural soil as the substrate, we conducted a pot experiment with four treatments: a control group (CK), and inoculations with Claroideoglomus etunicatum (CE), Funneliformis mosseae (FM), and Rhizophagus intraradices (RI). After 120 days, data on mulberry biomass, leaf carotenoids, and flavonoids were collected. The results revealed that, compared to the control group, root fresh weights increased by 57.57%, 81.92%, and 90.03% for CE, FM, and RI inoculations, respectively, while root dry weights rose by 24.10%, 47.65%, and 72.58%. The net photosynthetic rates for CE, FM, and RI increased by 20.73%, 4.22%, and 25.41%, respectively, and carotenoid content grew by 28.57%, 28.57%, and 35.71%. The average flavonoid content in leaves for CE, FM, and RI was 4.23 mg/g, 3.31 mg/g, and 3.85 mg/g, all exceeding the control group’s 2.55 mg/g. Inoculation with AM fungi in non-sterilized soil positively impacted mulberry growth, enhanced root development, increased active compound accumulation in leaves, and fostered a beneficial symbiotic relationship with the mulberry trees.

Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, mulberry, root, non-sterilized, growth and development, flavonoid, symbiotic relationship, carotenoid

杜念芝. AM真菌对桑树类胡萝卜素及黄酮类化合物的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(11): 90-99.

DU Nianzhi. Effects of AM Fungi on Carotenoids and Flavonoids in Mulberry Trees[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(11): 90-99.

图/表 11

参考文献 42

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处理	叶鲜重/g	茎鲜重/g	叶干重/g	茎干重/g	地上生物量
CK	51.91±4.38b	32.73±2.23b	14.25±1.29b	14.43±1.28b	28.68±1.86b
CE	68.72±7.26a	44.70±4.27a	19.01±2.20a	18.76±1.79a	37.77±3.86a
FM	62.88±3.58ab	38.68±2.77ab	19.12±1.20a	17.86±1.29ab	36.98±2.40a
RI	65.82±2.48ab	44.88±1.88a	20.19±1.01a	20.36±0.45a	40.55±1.02a

处理	叶鲜重/g	茎鲜重/g	叶干重/g	茎干重/g	地上生物量
CK	51.91±4.38b	32.73±2.23b	14.25±1.29b	14.43±1.28b	28.68±1.86b
CE	68.72±7.26a	44.70±4.27a	19.01±2.20a	18.76±1.79a	37.77±3.86a
FM	62.88±3.58ab	38.68±2.77ab	19.12±1.20a	17.86±1.29ab	36.98±2.40a
RI	65.82±2.48ab	44.88±1.88a	20.19±1.01a	20.36±0.45a	40.55±1.02a

处理	CK	CE	FM	RI
平均根直径/mm	4.12±0.54b	4.72±0.42b	7.14±0.74a	7.86±0.65a
总根体积/cm³	55.22±7.77b	71.97±8.35b	119.49±13.01a	131.78±12.66a
总根表面/cm²	2865.27±398.76b	3519.41±307.76b	5156.60±497.59a	5556.74±503.08a
总根长/(×10³cm)	12.13±1.72b	14.09±1.11ab	18.26±1.80a	19.05±1.70ac
根尖数/(×10³cm)	66.07±12.82c	76.87±7.45bc	99.54±10.12ab	111.19±11.43a
分支数/(×10³cm)	192.59±27.88b	220.94±18.29b	327.69±34.04a	351.55±36.07a
交叉数/(×10³cm)	95.52±14.48b	106.38±8.00b	167.07±19.09a	178.38±20.57a

处理	CK	CE	FM	RI
平均根直径/mm	4.12±0.54b	4.72±0.42b	7.14±0.74a	7.86±0.65a
总根体积/cm³	55.22±7.77b	71.97±8.35b	119.49±13.01a	131.78±12.66a
总根表面/cm²	2865.27±398.76b	3519.41±307.76b	5156.60±497.59a	5556.74±503.08a
总根长/(×10³cm)	12.13±1.72b	14.09±1.11ab	18.26±1.80a	19.05±1.70ac
根尖数/(×10³cm)	66.07±12.82c	76.87±7.45bc	99.54±10.12ab	111.19±11.43a
分支数/(×10³cm)	192.59±27.88b	220.94±18.29b	327.69±34.04a	351.55±36.07a
交叉数/(×10³cm)	95.52±14.48b	106.38±8.00b	167.07±19.09a	178.38±20.57a