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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (20): 18-26.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0574

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

旺长期干旱胁迫对红麻干物质累积、分配及产量的影响

张丽霞1(), 史鹏飞1, 申培林2, 刘耀1, 程捷1, 张琳1, 丁丽1, 杜光辉1, 聂良鹏1, 魏一苗1, 吕玉虎1, 李梅1, 潘兹亮1(), 陈应霞1, 范家慧3   

  1. 1 信阳市农业科学院,河南信阳 464000
    2 固始县农业局,河南固始 465200
    3 信阳市农业技术服务中心,河南信阳 464000
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-27 修回日期:2024-12-15 出版日期:2025-07-15 发布日期:2025-07-21
  • 通讯作者:
    潘兹亮,男,1964年出生,河南光山人,研究员,本科,主要从事麻类引种育种和栽培方面的研究。通信地址:464000 信阳市浉河区民权南街20号 信阳市农业科学院,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    张丽霞,女,1979年出生,河南安阳人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事红麻引种和栽培方面的研究。通信地址:464000 信阳市浉河区民权南街20号 信阳市农业科学院,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    现代农业产业技术体系建设专项“国家麻类产业技术体系”(CARS-16)

Effects of Drought Stress on Yield and Dry Matter Accumulation and Distribution of Kenaf in Vigorous Growing Period

ZHANG Lixia1(), SHI Pengfei1, SHEN Peilin2, LIU Yao1, CHENG Jie1, ZHANG Lin1, DING Li1, DU Guanghui1, NIE Liangpeng1, WEI Yimiao1, LV Yuhu1, LI Mei1, PAN Ziliang1(), CHEN Yingxia1, FAN Jiahui3   

  1. 1 Xinyang Agricultural Sciences Academy, Xinyang, Henan 464000
    2 Agricultural Bureau of Gushi County, Gushi,Henan 465200
    3 Xinyang Agricultural Technology Service Center, Xinyang, Henan 464000
  • Received:2024-09-27 Revised:2024-12-15 Published:2025-07-15 Online:2025-07-21

摘要: 为探究不同干旱胁迫对红麻(Hibiscus cannabinus L.)产量、干物质累积及分配的影响,本研究以旺长期红麻为研究对象,采用盆栽方式,结合人工控水,设置4个水分梯度(正常灌水、轻度、中度、重度干旱)和4个时间梯度(5、10、15、20 d)进行试验,分析红麻干物质累积、分配及产量对不同干旱胁迫的响应。结果表明:(1)轻、中度胁迫5~10 d,红麻纤维产量增幅0.46%~5.87%;其他处理减产7.17%~49.30%,其中重度胁迫20 d减产最显著。(2)胁迫5 d后除茎粗和皮厚整体变化较小外,其他经济性状下降明显。(3)干旱抑制了根的生长,分配比例较对照减少6.75%~35.14%,但刺激了叶和骨的生长,骨的分配指数较对照增幅1.97%~25.36%,胁迫10 d后叶的分配指数较对照增幅13.96%~42.39%;皮的干物质分配呈抛物线趋势,胁迫10 d时达到最高点,较对照增加4.20%~14.39%。(4)相关性和通径分析显示,单株干皮重(直接作用1.038)和株高(间接效应0.201)对产量提升起关键作用,而骨和叶分配指数与产量负相关。(5)综合胁迫程度与时间效应,中度胁迫10 d可作为豫南地区红麻干旱临界值。本研究揭示了红麻在干旱逆境下的干物质分配策略,为抗旱栽培提供理论依据。

关键词: 红麻, 干旱, 胁迫, 干物质累积与分配, 产量

Abstract:

To explore the effects of different drought stresses on the yield, dry matter accumulation and distribution of kenaf. we selected the kenaf at vigorous growth stage as the research material for a pot experiment, combined with artificial water control, four water gradients and four time gradients were set for the experiment, to analyze the response of dry matter accumulation, distribution and yield of kenaf to different drought stresses. The results showed:(1) Under light and moderate stress for 5 d-10 d, the yields of kenaf increased by 0.46%-5.87%, and decreased by 7.17%-49.30% under other conditions.(2) The economic characters decreased obviously after 5 days of stress, except for the overall little change of stem diameter and skin thickness. (3) Droughts inhibited the growth of roots, and the distribution ratio decreased by 6.75%-35.14% compared with the control group; leaf and bone growth were stimulated, the bone distribution index increased by 1.97%-25.36%, leaf distribution index after stress 10 days increased by 13.96%-42.39%. Dry matter distribution of the bark showed a parabolic trend, reaching the highest point after 10 d stress, which increased by 4.20%-14.39% compared with the control. (4) Correlation and path analysis showed that dry bark weight per plant (direct effect 1.038) and plant height (indirect effect 0.201) played a key role in yield increase, while bone and leaf distribution index were negatively correlated with yield. (5) In terms of comprehensive stress degree and time effect, 10 days of moderate stress can be used as the critical value of kenaf drought in southern Henan. This study revealed the dry matter distribution strategy of kenaf under drought stress, and provided a theoretical basis for drought-resistant cultivation.

Key words: Kenaf, drought, stress, dry matter accumulation and distribution, yield