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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (13): 80-88.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0597

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

南昌城市森林土壤动物群落组成及多样性研究

刘武1(), 邹庆娴2, 张佛熠2, 钟嘉琳2, 樊雨鹭2, 刘玮2, 王琼2()   

  1. 1 江西省九江市园林和市政公用设施管护中心，江西九江 332000
    2 江西农业大学林学院/园林与艺术学院，南昌 330045
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-18 修回日期:2025-03-20 出版日期:2025-05-05 发布日期:2025-05-07
  • 通讯作者:
    王琼，女，1987年出生，内蒙古赤峰人，副教授，博士，研究方向为城市森林土壤生态学研究。通信地址：330045 江西农业大学林学院 园林与艺术学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘武，男，1970年出生，江西九江人，高级工程师，学士，研究方向为古树名木及城市绿化科研管理工作。通信地址：332000 江西省九江市园林和市政公用设施管护中心，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“城市化对球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白影响及景观-基质-植被形成机制研究”(42007042); 九江市园林和市政公用设施管护中心委托课题“九江市中心城区古树名木复壮养护工作暨‘一树一策’技术方案制定”(2024JXAUHX057)

Study on Community Composition and Diversity of Soil Fauna in Urban Forest in Nanchang

LIU Wu1(), ZOU Qingxian2, ZHANG Foyi2, ZHONG Jialin2, FAN Yulu2, LIU Wei2, WANG Qiong2()   

  1. 1 Management and Protection Center of Gardens and Municipal Public Facilities, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000
    2 College of Forestry/ College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045
  • Received:2024-09-18 Revised:2025-03-20 Published:2025-05-05 Online:2025-05-07

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摘要：

为研究城市森林不同林型土壤动物群落的特征及其驱动机制，以江西省南昌市为研究区域，选取3种森林类型（道路林、附属林和景观林）27个样方，调查并测定样方内植被特征、土壤理化性质和土壤动物群落分布特征。研究共捕获1755头土壤动物，属于2门11纲21目，其中弹尾目、寄螨目和真螨目为优势类群；古蚖目、鞘翅目、双尾目、综合纲、半翅目以及膜翅目为常见类群；其余12个类群为稀有类群，数量极少。总体而言，道路林土壤动物密度最高（5742头/m2），附属林、景观林密度依次为1979、1978头/m2。道路林的土壤动物均匀度指数和丰富度指数显著低于景观林和附属林。植被特征和土壤理化性质与土壤动物群落多样性密切相关，土壤动物的Shannon多样性指数显著正相关于土壤有效磷、树木高度、胸径和冠幅。Pielou均匀度指数和Menhinnick丰富度指数与土壤pH、电导率和容重显著负相关。尽管道路林土壤动物密度较高，但是种类丰富度偏少。研究发现，城市森林间植被特征的变化是导致林型间土壤动物群落产生差异的关键因子。

关键词: 城市森林, 土壤动物群落, 土壤动物多样性, 植被特征, 土壤理化性质, 森林类型, 南昌

Abstract:

The paper aims to investigate the characteristics and driving mechanisms of soil fauna communities in different urban forest types. In this study, 27 samples of three forest types (road forest, affiliated forest, and landscape forest) were selected in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, and the vegetation characteristics, soil physicochemical properties and soil fauna distribution characteristics were investigated and measured. A total of 1755 soil fauna were captured in this study, belonging to 21 orders and 11 phyla in 2 families, among which the dominant taxa were 3 groups of Collembola, Parasitiformes and Acariformes; the common taxa were Archaeopteryx, Sphingidae, Diptera, Symphyta, Hemiptera and Hymenoptera; the remaining 12 taxa were rare and very few in number. Among all forest types, the highest density of soil fauna was found in road forest with 5742 individuals/m2, followed by affiliated forest and landscape forest with densities of 1979 and 1978 individuals/m2, respectively, and the soil fauna evenness index and richness index of road forest were significantly lower than those of landscape forest and affiliated forest. Vegetation characteristics and soil physicochemical properties had significant correlation with soil fauna diversity, and soil fauna Shannon’s diversity index was significantly and positively correlated with soil available phosphorus, tree height, diameter at breast height and crown width, but Pielou homogeneity index and Menhinnick richness index were both negatively correlated with pH, electrical conductivity and bulk density. Although the density of soil fauna in road forest was the highest, the species richness was the lowest, and the variation in vegetation characteristics was the key factor that led to the difference in soil fauna among different forest types.

Key words: urban forest, soil fauna community, soil fauna diversity, vegetation characteristics, soil physicochemical properties, forest types, Nanchang