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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (29): 157-164.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0064

• 水产·渔业 • 上一篇    

光荣水库浮游生物群落结构特征及鱼产潜力估算

郑宇辰1(), 陶敏2, 方弟安1, 徐东坡1, 覃川杰2()   

  1. 1 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心/农业农村部淡水渔业和种质资源利用重点实验室， 江苏无锡 214081
    2 内江师范学院/长江上游鱼类资源保护与利用四川省重点实验室， 四川内江 641100
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-13 修回日期:2025-06-04 出版日期:2025-10-15 发布日期:2025-10-22
  • 通讯作者:
    覃川杰，1979年出生，男，教授，博士，研究方向：水产养殖。通信地址：641100 四川省内江市东兴区红桥街1号 内江师范学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    郑宇辰，1994年出生，男，助理研究员，硕士，研究方向：渔业资源保护与利用。通信地址：214081 江苏省无锡市滨湖区薛家里69号，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    “内江师范学院长江上游鱼类资源保护与利用四川省重点实验室开放课题基金”(NJTCCJSYSYS13); “中国水产科学研究院中央级公益科研院所基本科研业务费”(2023TD65)

Characteristics of Plankton Community Structure and Estimation of Fish Productivity in Guangrong Reservoir

ZHENG Yuchen1(), TAO Min2, FANG Di’an1, XU Dongpo1, QIN Chuanjie2()   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081
    2 Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in Upper Reaches of Yangtze River/Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, Sichuan 641100
  • Received:2025-02-13 Revised:2025-06-04 Published:2025-10-15 Online:2025-10-22

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摘要：

本研究旨在明确四川省内江市光荣水库浮游生物群落结构特征及鱼产潜力，为水库的生态渔业管理提供依据。于2020年10月和2021年6月对该水库的浮游生物进行采集、鉴定、分类和计数。结合Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数和Pielou均匀度指数分析群落结构，并运用生态模型估算鱼产潜力。结果显示，共鉴定出浮游植物8门86种，以蓝藻为优势种，平均密度为2.77×108 ind/L，平均生物量为19.7 mg/L；浮游动物39种，轮虫和原生动物密度较高，平均密度为5493.7 ind/L，平均生物量为5.768 mg/L，优势种为针簇多肢轮虫(Polyarthra trigla)和暗小异尾轮虫(Trichocerca pusilla)。光荣水库鱼产潜力约为87.52 t（单位面积2625.95 kg/hm2）。水质评价显示，光荣水库水质总体处于中污染至重污染水平。为保证放流鱼种的存活率，建议放流鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) 4.7万尾、鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)1.1万尾，同时投放部分底栖性鱼类和碎屑食性鱼类，从而控制藻类生长、优化水生态结构，实现生态和经济效益双赢。

关键词: 光荣水库, 浮游生物, 群落结构, 鱼产潜力, 生态放流

Abstract:

To investigate the characteristics of the plankton community structure in Guangrong Reservoir in Neijiang City, Sichuan Province, and to propose suggestions for improving the fisheries ecology of the reservoir, plankton samples were collected from the reservoir in October 2020 and June 2021, and the collected samples were identified, classified, and counted. The community structure was analyzed by Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef richness index and Pielou evenness index, and the fish productivity was estimated by ecological model. A total of 86 species of phytoplankton belonging to 8 phyla were identified during the two surveys, with an average density of 2.77×108 ind./L and an average biomass of 19.7 mg/L. Among them, cyanobacteria had a higher density, with dominant species including Pseudanabaena, Nitzschia linearis, and Cryptomonas erosa. A total of 39 species of zooplankton were identified, with an average density of 5493.7 ind./L and an average biomass of 5.768 mg/L. Rotifers and protozoa had higher densities, with dominant species being Polyarthra trigla and Trichocerca pusilla. Diversity index analysis results showed that the average Shannon-Wiener diversity index for phytoplankton was 0.98, and was 2.16 for zooplankton. The average Margalef richness index for phytoplankton was 3.09, and was 2.72 for zooplankton. The average Pielou evenness index for phytoplankton was 0.24, and was 0.69 for zooplankton. Based on the density and biomass of plankton, the fish productivity of Guangrong Reservoir was estimated to be approximately 87.52 tons. The study indicated that the water quality of Guangrong Reservoir is generally at the level of medium to heavy pollution. To ensure the survival rate of released fish species, it is recommended to release 47000 Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and 11000 Aristichthys nobilis, along with some benthic and detritus-feeding fish species, thereby effectively slowing down or controlling eutrophication in the water body and providing certain economic benefits.

Key words: Guangrong Reservoir, plankton, community structure, fish productivity, ecological release