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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (8): 157-164.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0699

• 水产·渔业 • 上一篇    

中华鳖养殖过程中浮游生物群落结构的演变

宋光同1,2(), 王芬1,2, 徐笑娜1,2, 朱成骏2, 陈祝1,2, 李翔2, 周翔1,2, 叶圣陶3, 蒋业林1,2   

  1. 1 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所/水产增养殖安徽省重点实验室，合肥 230031
    2 安徽省鳖类养殖工程技术研究中心/安徽省喜佳农业发展有限公司，安徽蚌埠 233701
    3 定远县锦鸿种养殖专业合作社，安徽定远 239000
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-27 修回日期:2023-12-01 出版日期:2024-03-15 发布日期:2024-03-10
  • 作者简介:

    宋光同，男，1979年出生，副研究员，硕士，研究方向：龟鳖遗传育种与健康养殖。通信地址：230031 合肥市农科南路40号创新大楼9楼 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所，Tel：0551-65160786，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    安徽省科技重大专项“黄河鳖、淮河鳖杂交选育及绿色健康养殖关键技术研究与示范”(202003a06020006)

Evolution of Plankton Community Structure During the Pond Aquaculture of Chinese Softshell Turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis

SONG Guangtong1,2(), WANG Fen1,2, XU Xiaona1,2, ZHU Chengjun2, CHEN Zhu1,2, LI Xiang2, ZHOU Xiang1,2, YE Shengtao3, JIANG Yelin1,2   

  1. 1 Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Aquaculture & Stock Enhancement for Anhui Province, Hefei 230031
    2 Anhui Engineering Research Center for Turtle Farming Technology/Anhui Xijia Agricultural Development Co. Ltd, Bengbu, Anhui 233701
    3 Dingyuan County Jinhong Breeding Professional Cooperative, Dingyuan, Anhui 239000
  • Received:2023-09-27 Revised:2023-12-01 Published-:2024-03-15 Online:2024-03-10

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摘要：

为研究中华鳖养殖过程中，池塘浮游生物群落结构的演变。在放养前、养殖中期和养殖后期3个阶段采集水样，进行理化、浮游生物检测与分析。结果表明：养殖后期NH4+-N达2.38 mg/L，显著性高于养殖前和养殖中期。共检出浮游植物5门62种，种类组成以绿藻门、蓝藻门为主；浮游动物4类39种，以原生动物、轮虫为主。浮游植物生物丰度和生物量以绿藻为主，浮游动物以桡足类为主。养殖中期浮游植物、浮游动物平均丰度达到最高值，分别为4762600、1634 ind/L；养殖后期浮游植物、浮游动物生物量达到最高，分别为18.09、10.106 mg/L。养殖中期的浮游植物多样性指数(H)和均匀度指数(J)平均值分别为0.1779、0.0604，显著性低于养殖前；养殖中后期，纤维新月藻为绝对优势藻；中华鳖养殖前后浮游动物多样性指数(H)差异不显著。研究表明，中华鳖养殖过程中，池塘浮游植物群落结构变化较大，而浮游动物变化较小；养殖水体表现出先变差再逐渐变好的趋势，养殖中期水体稳定性差，需要进行积极调水。

关键词: 中华鳖, 浮游生物, 群落结构, 演变, 多样性指数

Abstract:

To study the evolution of the plankton community structure during the pond aquaculture of Chinese softshell turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis), water samples were collected at three stages: pre-aquaculture, mid-aquaculture stage and late-aquaculture stage for physicochemical and phytoplankton detection and analysis. The results showed that the NH4+-N reached 2.38 mg/L in the late-aquaculture stage, which was significantly higher than that of pre-aquaculture, mid-aquaculture stage. 62 species of phytoplankton in 5 phyla were detected, and the species composition was mainly Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta; 4 types and 39 species of zooplankton were detected, which were mainly protozoa and Rotifers. The abundance and biomass of phytoplankton were mainly Chlorophyta, and that of zooplankton were mainly copepods. The average abundance of phytoplankton and zooplankton reached the highest at the mid-aquaculture stage, with values of 4762600 ind/L and 1634 ind/L, respectively, and the biomass of phytoplankton and zooplankton reached the highest at the late-aquaculture stage, with 18.09 mg/L and 10.106 mg/L, respectively. The mean values of phytoplankton diversity index (H) and evenness index (J) were 0.1779 and 0.0604, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of pre-aquaculture. In the middle and late stage of aquaculture, Closterium gracile breb was the dominant algae. There was no significant difference in zooplankton diversity index (H) before and after aquaculture of P.sinensis. The results showed that the community structure of phytoplankton changed greatly while zooplankton changed little during the aquaculture of P.sinensis. The aquaculture water showed the trend of first getting worse and then gradually getting better, and the water stability was poor in the mid-aquaculture stage, so it was necessary to transfer water actively.

Key words: Chinese Softshell turtle, plankton, community structure, evolution, diversity index