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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (35): 103-109.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0243

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

解淀粉芽孢杆菌与咯菌腈复配防治番茄灰霉病

冉永正1(), 冉东升2()   

  1. 1 济南市农业技术推广服务中心，济南 250012
    2 中孚药业股份有限公司济南分公司，济南 250100
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-31 修回日期:2025-11-15 出版日期:2025-12-11 发布日期:2025-12-11
  • 通讯作者:
    冉东升，男，1976年出生，山东成武人，高级工程师，研究方向：药物原料研究及制剂生产工艺。通信地址：250100济南市历下区华阳路69号 中孚药业股份有限公司济南分公司，Tel：0531-82373415，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    冉永正，男，1971年出生，山东成武人，高级农艺师，研究方向：农药科学使用与绿色防控。通信地址：250012 山东济南市中区建设路79号 济南市农业技术推广服务中心，Tel：0531-66676262，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    2024 年山东省农业重大技术协同推广项目“生姜蔬菜高产高效栽培关键技术集成创新协同推广”(SDNYXTTG-2024-16); 山东省潍坊市企业技术创新项目“药物原料研究及制剂一致性评价”(202350700326)

Synergistic Control of Fludioxonil Combined with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on Tomato Gray Mold

RAN Yongzheng1(), RAN Dongsheng2()   

  1. 1 Jinan Agricultural Technology Extension Service Centre, Jinan 250012
    2 Jinan Branch of Zhongfu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jinan 250100
  • Received:2025-03-31 Revised:2025-11-15 Published:2025-12-11 Online:2025-12-11

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摘要：

为应对番茄灰霉病化学防治中杀菌剂抗性增强与农药减量需求的矛盾，探究化学杀菌剂与生物杀菌剂复配防治番茄灰霉病的可行性，通过单剂毒力测定、相容性分析及复配筛选，明确解淀粉芽孢杆菌与咯菌腈的最佳复配方案，并通过离体果实与盆栽试验验证防效。结果表明，咯菌腈对番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)毒力最高(EC50=0.0889 μg/mL)，解淀粉芽孢杆菌抑菌活性最优(EC50=0.5940 μg/mL)，二者相容性良好（咯菌腈1500 μg/mL时，解淀粉芽孢杆菌活菌量仍达10.8×108 CFU/mL）。按各自EC50浓度复配时，体积比7:3的组合抑菌效果最佳，毒性比率1.81，抑制率90.81%，表现显著协同增效。在各自登记推荐质量浓度下，该复配剂对离体果实的预防与治疗效果分别为82.62%和64.56%，温室盆栽的治疗与预防效果分别为75.23%和74.24%，均显著高于单一制剂，且咯菌腈用量减少30%。综上，咯菌腈与解淀粉芽孢杆菌复配具有明显协同增效作用和良好防治效果，咯菌腈与解淀粉芽孢杆菌登记推荐质量浓度下体积比7:3的复配可作为番茄灰霉病绿色防控的有效技术方案。

关键词: 解淀粉芽孢杆菌, 咯菌腈, 番茄灰霉病, 毒力测定, 联合毒力, 复配增效, 病原菌抑制率, 防治效果

Abstract:

The feasibility of the combination of chemical fungicides and biological fungicides to control tomato gray mold was explored to deal with the contradiction between the enhancement of fungicide resistance and the demand for pesticide reduction in the chemical control of tomato gray mold. The best combination scheme of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and fludioxonil was determined by individual virulence determination, compatibility analysis and compound screening, and the control effect was verified by in vitro fruit and pot experiment. The results revealed that fludioxonil demonstrated the highest virulence against Botrytis cinerea (EC50=0.0889μg/mL), while B. amyloliquefaciens showed strongest antifungal activity (EC50=0.5940μg/mL), with good mutual compatibility preserved (even at 1500μg/mL fludioxonil, B. amyloliquefaciens viable cells remained at10.8×108 CFU/mL). When compounded at their respective EC50 values, the 7:3 (v/v) ratio exhibited the highest pathogen inhibition rate, with a virulenceratio of 1.81 and an inhibition rate of 90.81%, showing a significant synergistic effect. At registered label-recommended concentrations, the preventive and therapeutic effects of the mixture on detached fruits were 82.62% and 64.56%, while greenhouse pot trials recorded 75.23% and 74.24%, respectively, both significantly superior to single-agent treatments, and with a 30% reduction in fludioxonil amount. These findings indicate that the 7:3 (v/v) combination of fludioxonil and B. amyloliquefaciens at registered concentrations provides a highly effective, synergistic, and environmentally friendly strategy for managing tomato gray mold.

Key words: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, fludioxonil, tomato gray mold, virulence determination, combined virulence, compound synergistic effect, pathogen inhibition rate, control efficacy