欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (35): 9-18.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0283

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

施氮量、有机氮占比、留叶数对楚雄‘K326’烤烟产质量的影响

扶艳艳1(), 鲁耀1(), 耿少武2(), 高有寿2, 柴云霞2, 布云虹2   

  1. 1 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所，昆明 650205
    2 云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司，云南楚雄 675000
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-14 修回日期:2025-10-24 出版日期:2025-12-11 发布日期:2025-12-11
  • 通讯作者:
    鲁耀，男，1974年出生，河南沈丘人，研究员，硕士，主要从事植物营养与作物品质方面的研究。通信地址：650205 云南省昆明市盘龙区北京2238号 云南省农业科学院，E-mail：；
    耿少武，男，1967年出生，云南楚雄人，农艺师，本科，主要从事烟草植保、烘烤和栽培研究及推广工作。通信地址：675099 云南省楚雄彝族自治州楚雄开发区永安路347号 云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    扶艳艳，女，1984年出生，河南信阳人，助理研究员，博士，主要从事作物栽培、施肥与作物品质关系方面的研究。通信地址：650205 云南省昆明市盘龙区北京2238号 云南省农业科学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司云南省公司重大科技项目“楚雄K326植烟土壤精准管理及烟叶品质调控关键技术研究”(2023530000241019)

Influence of Nitrogen Application Rate, Organic Nitrogen Ratio, and Remained Leaf Number on Agronomic Characters, Yield, and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco Variety ‘K326’ in Chuxiong

FU Yanyan1(), LU Yao1(), GENG Shaowu2(), GAO Youshou2, CHAI Yunxia2, BU Yunhong2   

  1. 1 Agricultural Environment & Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205
    2 Chuxiong Tobacco Company of Yunnan Province, Chuxiong, Yunnan 675000
  • Received:2025-04-14 Revised:2025-10-24 Published:2025-12-11 Online:2025-12-11

RichHTML

2

PDF (PC)

20

摘要：

为解决楚雄‘K326’烤烟产质量波动（化学成分不协调、工业可用性下降）问题，明确施氮量、有机氮占比、留叶数的最佳组合，2023年在楚雄南华采用L9(34)正交试验，系统研究三因素对烤烟农艺性状、经济性状及内在化学成分的影响。结果表明，施氮量150 kg/hm2时，烤烟综合农艺性状表现最好，烟叶内在化学成分更协调；施氮量120 kg/hm2时经济性状表现最好。有机氮占比10%时，烤烟产量及中等烟比例最高；有机氮占比20%时，烤烟的产值、均价、上等烟比例达到最高水平；有机氮占比增加到30%时，烟叶农艺性状最好，内部化学成分更协调。留叶数18片时，烤烟农艺性状表现最好，经济性状最佳；留叶数22片时，烤烟产量最高；留叶数20片时，烟叶内部化学成分更加协调。综合考虑施氮量、有机氮占比及留叶数的影响，施氮量150 kg/hm2、有机氮占比30%、留叶数20片时，烤烟在农艺性状、化学品质方面表现最优；施氮量为120 kg/hm2、有机氮占比10%、留叶数20片时，烤烟产量最高；而施氮量为120 kg/hm2、有机氮占比30%、留叶数18片时，烤烟产值、均价、上等烟比例表现最佳。因此，适宜于楚雄当地生产实际的最佳组合方式是施氮量120 kg/hm2、有机氮占比30%、留叶数18片，可作为楚雄‘K326’的关键栽培技术指导烟草生产。

关键词: 烤烟, ‘K326’, 施氮量, 有机氮占比, 留叶数, 农艺性状, 产量, 质量

Abstract:

The study investigates the effects of nitrogen application rate, organic nitrogen proportion and retained leaf number on the yield and quality of ‘K326’ flue-cured tobacco in Chuxiong region. Through systematic experimentation, we aim to determine the optimal combination of these three key cultivation factors to provide technical support for optimizing the cultivation measures of Chuxiong ‘K326’ and improving tobacco leaf yield and quality. L9(34) orthogonal experimental design was employed to study nitrogen application rate, organic nitrogen ratio and remained leaf number in Nanhua County of Chuxiong in 2023, and we analyzed the effects of these factors on the agronomic characters, economic characters and chemical composition of tobacco. Results showed that, the nitrogen application rate of 150 kg/hm2 had the best performance on comprehensive agronomic characters, and the internal chemical components of tobacco leaves were more coordinated, the nitrogen application rate of 120 kg/hm2 had the best performance on economic characters. Organic nitrogen ratio of 30% had the best performance on agronomic characters, and the internal chemical components of tobacco leaves were more coordinated, and organic nitrogen ratio of 10% had the best performance on yield and medium quality leaves ratio, organic nitrogen ratio of 20% had the best performance on output value, average price and high quality leaves ratio. Remained leaf number of 18 had the best performance on agronomic characters and economic characters, remained leaf number of 22 had the best performance on yield, when the number of remained leaves was 20, the internal chemical components of tobacco leaves were more coordinated. Considering the effects of nitrogen application rate, organic nitrogen ratio and remained leaf number, nitrogen application rate of 150 kg/hm2, organic nitrogen ratio of 30% and remained leaf number of 20 had the best performance on agronomic characters and chemical quality of flue-cured tobacco; nitrogen application rate of 120 kg/hm2, organic nitrogen ratio of 10% and remained leaf number of 20 had the best performance on yield; nitrogen application rate of 120 kg/hm2, organic nitrogen ratio of 30% and remained leaf number of 10 had the best performance on output value, average price and high quality leaves ratio. Therefore nitrogen application rate of 120 kg/hm2, organic nitrogen ratio of 30% and remained leaf number of 18 was the best combination of this experiment. This can serve as a key cultivation technique for the tobacco variety ‘K326’ in Chuxiong to guide local tobacco production.

Key words: flue-cured tobacco, ‘K326’, nitrogen application rate, organic nitrogen ratio, remained leaf number, agronomic characters, yield, quality