欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (31): 27-33.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0301

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

硅肥用量对辣椒产量与品质的影响

彭定坤(), 谷郡, 谭一帆, 朱臻, 韩永亮, 彭建伟()   

  1. 湖南农业大学资源学院，长沙 410128
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-15 修回日期:2025-09-08 出版日期:2025-11-05 发布日期:2025-11-07
  • 通讯作者:
    彭建伟，男，1970年出生，湖南湘阴人，教授，博士，主要研究领域为植物营养生理生态、农业面源污染防控、农业废弃物资源化利用。通信地址：410128 湖南省长沙市芙蓉区农大路1号 湖南农业大学，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    彭定坤，男1998年出生，广东广州人，硕士研究生，研究方向为农业资源利用与环境保护。通信地址：410128 湖南省长沙市芙蓉区农大路1号 湖南农业大学，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    现代农业产业技术体系建设专项“国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系”(CARS-24-A-05)

Effects of Application of Silicon Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Capsicum annuum

PENG Dingkun(), GU Jun, TAN Yifan, ZHU Zhen, HAN Yongliang, PENG Jianwei()   

  1. College of Resources, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128
  • Received:2025-04-15 Revised:2025-09-08 Published:2025-11-05 Online:2025-11-07

RichHTML

1

PDF (PC)

4

摘要：

为探索适宜辣椒种植的硅肥用量，深入研究不同硅肥用量对辣椒生长发育、产量及品质的影响，以‘辛香2号’辣椒为试验材料，采用盆栽试验，分析不同硅肥用量水平下，辣椒生长过程中叶片SPAD值、光合特性、农艺性状、产量以及品质指标的动态变化。研究结果显示，与常规施肥相比，在结果前期，各施硅处理下辣椒叶片净光合速率提高了14.07%~17.76%；在结果中后期，Si3（常规施肥+硅肥0.3 g/盆）、Si5（常规施肥+硅肥0.5 g/盆）处理下辣椒叶片净光合速率分别增加了16.16%、21.14%。辣椒株高和果实横径呈现出随硅肥用量增加而上升的趋势。Si3、Si5处理的辣椒产量较常规施肥分别增加了28.21%、65.63%。施硅处理的辣椒维生素C含量显著高于未施硅处理。在Si3处理下，辣椒可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖含量达到最高，较NPK处理（不施加硅肥的常规施肥）分别提高了20.82%、47.35%。同时，施硅处理显著降低了辣椒硝酸盐含量，较NPK处理下降了33.34%~34.95%。综上所述，施用硅肥不仅能够提高辣椒的产量，还可有效改善果实品质。在本试验条件下，每盆增施0.5 g硅肥（相当于每公顷增施75 kg硅肥）时，对辣椒生长和品质提升的效果最为显著。

关键词: 硅肥, 产量, 品质, 辣椒, 光合特性, 农艺性状

Abstract:

In order to explore the appropriate application amount of silicon fertilizer for pepper cultivation, the effects of different silicon fertilizer levels on the growth, yield and quality of pepper were studied. By adopting pot test and using ‘Xinxiang No.2’ pepper as the test material, this experiment analyzed the changes about the leaf SPAD value, photosynthetic characteristics, related agronomic traits, yield and quality indexes of peppers. The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization, the net photosynthetic rate of pepper leaves increased by 14.07% to 17.76% under the silicon application treatments in the pre-fruiting period. The net photosynthetic rate of pepper leaves increased by 16.16% under Si3 treatment (conventional fertilization+ silicon fertilizer 0.3 g/pot) and 21.14% under Si5 treatment (conventional fertilization+ silicon fertilizer 0.5 g/pot) in the middle to late fruiting period. The height of pepper plants and fruit diameter increased with the increase of silicon fertilizer usage. The yield of Si3 and Si5 treatments increased respectively by 28.21% and 65.63%. The vitamin C content of chili peppers treated with silicon fertilizer treatments was significantly higher than that of the conventional fertilization. The soluble protein and soluble sugar contents were the highest under the Si3 treatment, which increased respectively by 20.82% and 47.35%, compared with that of the conventional (NPK) treatment (non-silicon fertilizer). The nitrate content of the peppers of silicon fertilizer treatments was significantly reduced, which decreased by 33.34% to 34.95% compared with that of NPK treatment. In conclusion, the application of silicon fertilizer can not only improve the yield of pepper, but also improve the fruit quality. For pepper, applying 0.5 g of silicon fertilizer per pot (equivalent to applying 75 kg of silicon fertilizer per hectare) has the best effect.

Key words: silicon fertilizer, yield, quality, pepper, photosynthetic characteristics, agronomic traits