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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (13): 12-21.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0356

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

河南省夏玉米高产稳产新品种评价及产量影响因素研究

刘桂珍1(), 陈鹏2(), 张光秀3, 张留声1, 张香粉1, 刘海静1, 周宁1   

  1. 1 河南省种业发展中心， 郑州 450046
    2 南阳市种业发展中心， 河南南阳 473000
    3 周口市种业发展中心， 河南周口 466000
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-12 修回日期:2025-10-11 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-07-09
  • 通讯作者:
    陈鹏，男，1981年出生，河南南阳人，高级农艺师，本科，主要从事农作物新品种试验示范工作。通信地址：473000 南阳市信臣东路538号 南阳市种业发展中心，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘桂珍，女，1974年出生，河南汤阴人，正高级农艺师，博士，主要从事农作物新品种区域试验工作。通信地址：450000 郑州市商都路26号 河南省种业发展中心，E-mail：。

Evaluation of New Summer Maize Varieties with High and Stable Yield in Henan Province and Research on Factors Affecting Yield

LIU Guizhen1(), CHEN Peng2(), ZHANG Guangxiu3, ZHANG Liusheng1, ZHANG Xiangfen1, LIU Haijing1, ZHOU Ning1   

  1. 1 Henan Seed Industry Development Center, Zhengzhou 450046
    2 Nanyang Seed Industry Development Center, Nanyang, Henan 473000
    3 Zhoukou Seed Industry Development Center, Zhoukou, Henan 466000
  • Received:2025-05-12 Revised:2025-10-11 Published:2026-07-15 Online:2026-07-09

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摘要：

为科学构建玉米新品种综合评价体系、精准鉴选适宜黄淮海生态区的优良品种，以57个夏玉米新品种为试材，在河南省14个试点开展多年多点试验，系统测定夏玉米生育期、株高、抗倒性、产量及穗部性状，联合采用高稳系数法、四象限分析、Eberhart-Russell模型、随机森林与通径分析开展综合评价。结果表明，参试品种的生育期平均为107.0 d，株高范围在225.5~280.8 cm之间，倒伏倒折率之和变幅为0.1%~14.4%；产量变幅为9202.81~11093.58 kg/hm2，‘成玉668’产量最高，‘鼎优221’高稳系数最高(88.65%)。相关性、随机森林及通径分析显示，出籽率对产量贡献最大，百粒重、穗粗与产量呈显著正相关。经多模型交叉验证，筛选出‘科腾918’和‘现玉534’2个兼具高产与稳产的品种，可为河南省玉米品种结构优化提供科学依据。

关键词: 夏玉米, 新品种评价, 高产稳产, 高稳系数, Eberhart‑Russell模型, 随机森林, 通径分析, 河南省

Abstract:

This study aims to establish an evaluation method for identifying new maize varieties, selecting those with high and stable yields as well as wide adaptability, to accelerate the promotion and application of new varieties and support the sustainable and stable increase of maize production in Henan Province. 57 summer maize varieties were used as experimental materials. A comprehensive evaluation of varietal performance was conducted by analyzing the growth period, lodging resistance, yield, and related agronomic traits, integrating the high stability coefficient method, the Eberhart-Russell model, and the random forest algorithm. The average growth period of the tested varieties was 107.0 days, the plant height ranged from 225.5 to 280.8 cm, and the sum of lodging and lodging-breaking rates varied from 0.1% to 14.4%. The yield range was 9202.81 to 11093.58 kg/hm2. Among them, ‘Chengyu 668’ had the highest yield, reaching 11093.58 kg/hm2; while ‘Dingyou 221’ had the highest high stability coefficient of 88.65%. Correlation and random forest model analysis showed that yield was significantly positively correlated with traits such as 100-grain weight and ear diameter. Seed yield had the greatest contribution to yield prediction in the random forest model, and the path coefficient of seed rate to yield was also the highest. Through cross-validation of the high stability coefficient method, four-quadrant analysis and Eberhart-Russell model, two varieties, ‘Keteng 918’ and ‘Xianyu 534’, with both high yield and stable yield were screened out, providing a scientific basis for optimizing the maize variety structure in Henan Province.

Key words: summer maize, new variety evaluation, high and stable yield, high stability coefficient, Eberhart-Russell model, random forest, path analysis, Henan Province

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