欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (13): 143-151.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0678

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

赣州烟区植烟土壤硒与理化性质特征及其对烟叶产质量的影响

谌剑1(), 陈艳1, 许明敏2, 刘辉1, 王琳3, 陈琼红4, 蒋林祥5, 谢芳腾6, 王富强5()   

  1. 1 江西省烟草公司赣州市公司， 江西赣州 341000
    2 赣州市烟草公司安远分公司， 江西赣州 342100
    3 赣州市烟草公司信丰分公司， 江西赣州 341600
    4 赣州市烟草公司宁都分公司， 江西赣州 342800
    5 宜春市科学院（江西富硒产业研究院）， 江西宜春 336000
    6 赣州市农业科学研究所， 江西赣州 341000
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-12 修回日期:2026-04-10 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-07-09
  • 通讯作者:
    王富强，男，1985年出生，四川安居人，高级农艺师，硕士，主要从事作物栽培与育种研究。通信地址：336000 江西省宜春市袁州区农技路68号 宜春市科学院（江西富硒产业研究院），Tel：0795-3241910，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    谌剑，男，1980年出生，江西信丰人，农艺师，本科，主要从事烟草种植栽培研究相关工作。通信地址：341000 江西省赣州市章贡区华坚路10号 江西省烟草公司赣州市公司，Tel：0797-8211635，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    江西省烟草公司科技项目“提高烤烟中部上等烟比例关键技术研究”(202236070191053); 江西省烟草公司赣州市公司科技项目“赣州富硒烟叶开发研究”(202336070197021)

Characteristics of Selenium and Physicochemical Properties in Tobacco-growing Soils of Ganzhou and Their Effects on Tobacco Yield and Quality

CHEN Jian1(), CHEN Yan1, XU Mingmin2, LIU Hui1, WANG Lin3, CHEN Qionghong4, JIANG Linxiang5, XIE Fangteng6, WANG Fuqiang5()   

  1. 1 Ganzhou Branch, Jiangxi Tobacco Company, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000
    2 Anyuan Branch, Ganzhou Tobacco Company, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 342100
    3 Xinfeng Branch, Ganzhou Tobacco Company, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341600
    4 Ningdu Branch, Ganzhou Tobacco Company, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 342800
    5 Yichun Academy of Sciences (Jiangxi Selenium-Rich Industry Research Institute), Yichun, Jiangxi 336000
    6 Ganzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000
  • Received:2025-08-12 Revised:2026-04-10 Published:2026-07-15 Online:2026-07-09

RichHTML

1

PDF (PC)

1

摘要：

为探明赣州烟区植烟土壤硒禀赋、理化性质特征及其对烟叶产质量与硒积累的影响，支撑富硒烟叶科学开发与土壤精准改良，以赣州8个主产烟县为对象，连续采集植烟土壤与烟叶样品，测定土壤pH、硒、有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾及烟叶硒含量，结合2022—2024年连续3年烟农烟叶产量与上等烟比例数据，对土壤因子与烟叶产质量开展方差分析、相关性分析。结果表明：（1）植烟土壤硒含量均值0.23 mg/kg，低于赣州市均值，约75%样品属足硒水平；土壤酸碱度均值pH 5.5，呈弱酸性；有效磷含量处于极丰富水平，均值85.57 mg/kg；速效钾含量县域差异显著。（2）土壤有机质与全氮、硒呈极显著正相关(r=0.54**，r=0.48**，P<0.01)；烟叶硒含量低（中部叶C3F为0.05 mg/kg，上部叶B2F为0.06 mg/kg），且与土壤硒无显著相关性。（3）速效钾含量可能是提升烟叶产量与等级的关键因子（2024年单产r=0.28**，上等烟比例r=0.32**，P<0.01）。研究表明，赣州烟区植烟土壤硒生物有效性不足可能是制约富硒烟叶开发的核心因素，土壤呈现“磷过量、钾分化、氮适中、酸适中”特征。建议采取外源补硒为主、分区精准施钾、控磷增有机质的综合调控策略。研究结果为赣州特色富硒烤烟提质增效提供理论依据与技术支撑，后续可开展硒形态与根际调控机制研究。

关键词: 赣州烟区, 植烟土壤, 硒, 烟叶, 产量, 质量, 土壤改良, 理化性质, 富硒烟叶

Abstract:

This study investigated the characteristics of selenium (Se) and physicochemical properties in tobacco-growing soils of Ganzhou and their effects on tobacco yield and quality, aiming to provide a scientific basis for developing Se-enriched tobacco and soil amelioration. Tobacco-growing soil and tobacco leaf samples were collected from eight tobacco-producing counties in Ganzhou. Soil pH, Se, organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), and tobacco leaf Se content were determined. Yield and premium-grade tobacco proportion data of farmers from 2022 to 2024 were integrated. Variance and correlation analyses were employed to identify key soil factors affecting tobacco yield and quality. The results showed that: (1) the mean soil Se content was 0.23 mg/kg, lower than the average level of Ganzhou City, with about 75% of samples at a sufficient Se level. Soil pH averaged 5.5, being slightly acidic. AP content was extremely abundant, with a mean value of 85.57 mg/kg. AK content varied significantly among counties. (2) SOM showed highly significant positive correlations with TN and Se (r=0.54**, r=0.48**, P<0.01). Tobacco leaf Se content was low (middle leaves C3F: 0.05 mg/kg; upper leaves B2F: 0.06 mg/kg), and no significant correlation was found between soil and leaf Se content. (3) AK was probably a key positive factor for yield and grade (2024 yield: r=0.28**; premium-grade tobacco proportion: r=0.32**; P<0.01). In conclusion, low Se bioavailability in tobacco-growing soils may be the core constraint for developing Se-enriched tobacco in Ganzhou, necessitating exogenous Se supplementation. The soil presents the characteristics of ‘excessive phosphorus, potassium differentiation, moderate nitrogen, and moderate acid’. It is suggested to adopt the comprehensive regulation strategy of exogenous selenium supplementation, precise potassium application in different regions, phosphorus control and organic matter increase, so as to provide theoretical basis and technical support for improving the quality and efficiency of selenium-enriched flue-cured tobacco in Ganzhou.

Key words: Ganzhou tobacco-growing area, tobacco-growing soil, selenium, tobacco leaf, yield, quality, soil amelioration, physicochemical properties, selenium-enriched tobacco leaves

中图分类号: