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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 30-37.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0619

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

云当归产质量对海拔和气候因子的响应研究

马永鹏(), 刘元剑, 龙云星, 权申春, 岳凯, 高朝文, 潘曾荣, 王茜   

  1. 昭通市农业科学院， 云南昭通 657000
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-22 修回日期:2025-12-24 出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-04-23
  • 通讯作者:
    王茜，女，1986年出生，云南昭通人，农艺师，本科，主要从事中药材资源与栽培技术方面的研究。通信地址：657000 云南省昭通市昭阳区凤霞路47号 昭通市农业科学院，15925501779@163.com。
  • 作者简介:

    马永鹏，男，1992年出生，云南昭通人，农艺师，硕士，主要从事药用植物栽培与育种研究推广方面的研究。通信地址：657000 云南省昭通市昭阳区凤霞路47号 昭通市农业科学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    云南省基础研究计划面上项目“昭通直播云当归优产轻简化技术研究与示范”(202401AT070046); 云南省生物多样性基金资助项目“昭通道地优势及濒危药用植物种质资源收集与繁育保护”(2025)

Study on Responses of Yield and Quality of Angelica sinensis In Yunnan Province to Altitude and Climatic Factors

MA Yongpeng(), LIU Yuanjian, LONG Yunxing, QUAN Shenchun, YUE Kai, GAO Chaowen, PAN Zengrong, WANG Xi   

  1. Zhaotong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhaotong, Yunnan 657000
  • Received:2025-07-22 Revised:2025-12-24 Published:2026-04-25 Online:2026-04-23

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摘要：

通过探究不同海拔和气候因子对云当归产量和质量的影响，为昭通云当归栽培区域的精准选择提供科学依据。以云当归幼苗为试验材料，设置3个地理气候环境不同的试验基地，移栽采收后，分析海拔、气温、降水量、光照对产量、浸出物、挥发油和阿魏酸含量的影响。结果表明，在昭通云当归可种植的生态区域内，海拔、降水量对产量、浸出物、挥发油和阿魏酸含量均呈显著正相关，气温对产量、浸出物、挥发油和阿魏酸含量均呈显著负相关，光照对产量、浸出物含量均呈显著负相关，对挥发油和阿魏酸含量无显著相关。主成分分析发现，各试验基地云当归综合产质量排名从高到低依次为：S3>S2>S1。OPLS和变量投影重要性分析发现，综合产质量与气温呈显著负相关，与海拔和降水量呈显著正相关，与光照呈较弱负相关；环境因子对综合产质量的影响强度大小依次为：气温>海拔>降水量>光照，其中气温和海拔是主导因素。综合分析，昭通不同区域的海拔和气候因子对云当归产质量有显著影响，昭通北部、中部的较高海拔区域更适合云当归生产，南部宜选择更高海拔区域，并注重抗旱和遮阳。

关键词: 云当归, 产质量, 海拔, 气候因子

Abstract:

By investigating the effects of different altitudes and climatic factors on the yield and quality of Angelica sinensis in Yunnan province, this study provides a scientific basis for the precise selection of cultivation areas for A. sinensis in Zhaotong City. Using A. sinensis seedlings as experimental materials, three experimental bases with distinct geographical and climatic environments were established. After transplantation and harvesting, the influences of altitude, temperature, precipitation, and light on yield and the content of extract, volatile oil, ferulic acid were analyzed. The results showed that within the ecological regions suitable for cultivating A. sinensis in Zhaotong City, altitude and precipitation showed significant positive correlations with yield and the content of extract, volatile oil, ferulic acid, while temperature exhibited significant negative correlations with those indexes. Light had significant negative correlations with yield and extract content but showed no significant correlations with the content of volatile oil and ferulic acid. Principal component analysis revealed that the comprehensive yield and quality ranking from high to low was: S3 > S2 > S1. OPLS and variable importance in projection analysis indicated that the comprehensive yield and quality was significantly negatively correlated with temperature, significantly positively correlated with altitude and precipitation, and weakly negatively correlated with light. The influence intensity of environmental factors on the comprehensive yield and quality was: temperature > altitude > precipitation > light, with temperature and altitude being the dominant factors. In conclusion, the altitude and climatic factors in different regions of Zhaotong City have a significant impact on the yield and quality of A. sinensis. The higher altitude areas in the northern and central parts of Zhaotong City are more suitable for the production of A. sinensis, while in the southern part, higher altitude areas should be selected with attention to drought management and sun shading.

Key words: Angelica sinensis in Yunnan province, the yield and quality, altitude, climatic factor

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