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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (13): 38-43.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2026-0027

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

施用菌肥和农家肥对红甜菜产量及品质的影响

卿丹丹1(), 霍鑫耀1, 邢启男1, 王秋红1,2,3()   

  1. 1 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院， 哈尔滨 150080
    2 国家糖料作物改良中心， 哈尔滨 150080
    3 黑龙江省甜菜工程技术研究中心， 哈尔滨 150080
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-05 修回日期:2026-05-22 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-07-09
  • 通讯作者:
    王秋红，女，1972年出生，河北定县人，副研究员，博士，研究方向为植物发育与营养调控。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院317，Tel：0451-6339177，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    卿丹丹，女，2001年出生，贵州铜仁人，在读硕士研究生，研究方向为植物发育与营养调控。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院317，Tel：0855-4675890，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业（糖料）产业技术体系“甜菜养分管理与土壤肥料岗位专项”(CARS-17)

Effects of Microbial Fertilizer and Farmyard Manure Application on Yield and Quality of Red Beets

QING Dandan1(), HUO Xinyao1, XING Qinan1, WANG Qiuhong1,2,3()   

  1. 1 College of Modern Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
    2 National Sugar Crop Improvement Center, Harbin 150080
    3 Heilongjiang Province Beet Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin 150080
  • Received:2026-01-05 Revised:2026-05-22 Published:2026-07-15 Online:2026-07-09

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摘要：

探究微生物菌肥与农家肥对红甜菜产量、品质及微量元素积累的综合影响，以评估其替代化肥的可行性。2022年5—10月在黑龙江大学呼兰试验田进行田间试验，以‘ACTION F1’为材料，设置菌肥(T1)、农家肥(T2)和化肥(CK)3组处理，测定红甜菜各生育期的株高、根长、叶面积、产量、甜菜红素、粗纤维、粗蛋白及微量元素含量等指标。生长发育方面，T2处理可显著促进红甜菜的生长，块根糖分积累期株高较CK增加7.2%，叶面积增幅达43.95%，根长增幅为37.59%，各项指标均显著优于T1、CK处理。产量与品质方面，T2处理效果最优，产量达87123.70 kg/hm2，较CK处理显著提升12.9%；甜菜红素(3.69 mg/mL)、粗纤维(0.60%)和粗蛋白(187.22 g/100 g)含量均显著高于其他处理。微量元素积累方面，Mn、Co、Fe等含量增幅达14.0%~40.2%。主成分分析显示，T2处理综合得分最高，在红甜菜产量、品质及微量元素积累等方面综合表现最优。研究认为，农家肥可通过改善土壤环境与养分供给显著促进红甜菜产质量形成，建议将其作为红甜菜绿色栽培的首选施肥方案。

关键词: 红甜菜, 菌肥, 农家肥, 产量, 品质, 微量元素, 甜菜红素

Abstract:

This study aims to investigate the comprehensive effects of microbial fertilizer and farmyard manure on the yield, quality, and trace element accumulation of red beets, in order to evaluate the feasibility of replacing chemical fertilizers. A field experiment was conducted from May to October 2022 at the Hulan Experimental Station of Heilongjiang University, using the cultivar ‘ACTION F1’. Three treatments were established: microbial fertilizer (T1), farmyard manure (T2), and chemical fertilizer (CK). Indicators such as plant height, root length, leaf area, yield, betacyanin content, crude fiber, crude protein, and trace elements were measured at different growth stages. In terms of growth indicators, T2 treatment significantly promoted the growth and development of red beets, during the root sugar accumulation period, plant height increased by 7.2% compared to CK, leaf area increased by 43.95%, and root length increased by 37.59%. All these metrics were significantly superior to those of the T1 and CK treatments. Regarding yield and quality, the farmyard manure treatment performed the best, yield reached 87123.70 kg/hm2, representing a significant increase of 12.9% compared to CK; the contents of betacyanin (3.69 mg/mL), crude fiber (0.60%), and crude protein (187.22 g/100 g) were all significantly higher than those of other treatments. Among trace elements, Mn, Co, and Fe showed increases ranging from 14.0% to 40.2%. Principal component analysis revealed that T2 achieved the highest comprehensive score, indicating that T2 performed optimally in terms of red beet yield, quality, and trace element accumulation. Farmyard manure can significantly promote the formation of red beet yield and quality by improving soil conditions and nutrient supply, making it the recommended fertilization strategy for green cultivation of red beets.

Key words: Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris var. conditiva, microbial fertilizer, farmyard manure, yield, quality, trace elements, betacyanin

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