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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (21): 40-47.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20200200081

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

海棠无性系耐盐碱区试研究

胡丁猛1, 许景伟1(), 王立辉2, 囤兴建1, 朱升祥3   

  1. 1 山东省林业科学研究院,济南 250014
    2 昌邑海棠苗木专业合作社,山东昌邑 261307
    3 昌邑市林木种苗站,山东昌邑 261300
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-04 修回日期:2020-03-20 出版日期:2020-07-25 发布日期:2020-07-21
  • 通讯作者: 许景伟
  • 作者简介:胡丁猛,男,1974年出生,山东济南人,正高级工程师,博士,研究方向：观赏树种良种选育。通信地址：250014 山东省济南市历下区文化东路42号 山东省林业科学研究院,Tel：0531-88557783,E-mail：hudingmeng@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省农业良种工程项目“海棠优良种质资源收集保存与创新利用”(2016LZGC037)

Salt and Alkali Tolerance Regional Test of Crabapple Clones

Hu Dingmeng1, Xu Jingwei1(), Wang Lihui2, Dun Xingjian1, Zhu Shengxiang3   

  1. 1 Shandong Provincial Academy of Forestry, Jinan 250014
    2 Changyi Crabapple Seedling Cultivation Professional Cooperatives, Changyi Shandong 261307
    3 Changyi Forest Seedling Station, Changyi Shandong 261300
  • Received:2020-02-04 Revised:2020-03-20 Online:2020-07-25 Published:2020-07-21
  • Contact: Xu Jingwei

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摘要：

为选育耐盐碱海棠良种,用2年生海棠优良无性系容器苗在分别在滨州、东营和潍坊进行耐盐碱区域试验,通过物候期和形态指标观测、生长量测定等进行抗逆性和适应性评价。结果表明,在3个试验点,7个海棠无性系（‘傲霜’、‘高川’、‘乃馨’、‘拿斯露’、‘奥运红’、‘艾瑞斯’、‘磊丽红’）物候期较为相似,只是随区试点位置不同略有差异,其中滨州经济开发区里则镇的物候期最早,其次是东营市孤岛镇,昌邑市围子镇最晚;开花较早的品系为‘乃馨’、‘拿斯露’、‘艾瑞斯’和西府海棠,除‘高川’和‘奥运红’外,其他海棠品系的花期都较长;除‘傲霜’和西府海棠外,其他海棠品系果实宿存。7个海棠无性系在生长量、生长适应性、抗逆性和抗病虫害方面明显优于对照（‘绚丽’海棠和西府海棠）,其中‘艾瑞斯’生长量最大,其次是‘高川’。参加区域性试验的7个海棠无性系,具有观赏效果好、耐盐碱能力强、生长快等优点,适宜在山东滨海盐碱地及条件相似区域推广应用。

关键词: 海棠无性系, 耐盐碱, 区域性试验, 生长量, 适应性

Abstract:

Container seedlings of two-year-old excellent crabapple clones were tested in Binzhou, Dongying and Weifang respectively for selecting and breeding of salt and alkali resistant crabapple varieties. Resistance and adaptability were evaluated by phenology, morphological index observation and growth measurement. It was showed that in the three regional test sites, the phenological periods of seven crabapple clones (‘Aoshuang’, ‘Gaochuan’, ‘Naixin’, ‘Nasilu’, ‘Aoyunhong’, ‘Airuisi’, ‘Leilihong’) were similar, but slightly different with the location of regional test sites. The phenological period in Lize town in Binzhou economic development zone was the earliest, followed by that in Gudao Dongying, and that in Weizi Changyi was the latest; early flowering crabapple strains were ‘Naixin’, ‘Nasilu’, ‘Airuisi’, and M. micromalus; flowering periods of other crabapple clones were longer than ‘Gaochuan’ and ‘Aoyunhong’; fruits of every crabapple strains were persistent except ‘Aoshuang’ and M. micromalus. Growth, adaptability, stress resistance, and pest and disease resistance of the seven crabapple clones were significantly better than those of the control (Malus ‘Radiant’ and M. micromalus). Growth of ‘Airuisi’ was the largest, followed by that of ‘Gaochuan’. The seven crabapple clones that were measured in the regional test have good ornamental effect, strong salt and alkali resistance, fast growth and etc., so they are suitable for popularization and application in the Shandong coastal saline alkali land and the area with similar conditions.

Key words: crabapple clones, salt and alkali tolerance, regional test, growth increment, adaptability

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