稻壳炭和沸石对赤红壤和潮土磷有效性的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0101

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文通过研究肥料中稻壳炭和沸石添加对赤红壤与潮土中磷素有效性的影响,旨在利用稻壳炭和沸石提高磷肥在土壤中的有效性,进而减缓磷肥在土壤中的固定,提高磷肥利用率。采取室内培养试验与土壤盆栽试验相结合的方法,研究了混合肥料中稻壳炭(R)和沸石(Z)添加量、混合比例对混合肥料在两种土壤中磷素有效性的影响,以及对番茄磷肥利用率的影响。结果表明：稻壳炭和沸石总添加量和混合比例对赤红壤中有效磷含量影响显著,且其交互作用对赤红壤有效磷含量影响显著,添加量是影响赤红壤有效磷含量有关参数的主要决定因子。稻壳炭和沸石混合比例对潮土中有效磷含量影响显著,是影响潮土中有效磷含量有关参数的主要决定因子。混合肥料中添加5%~10%的沸石和稻壳炭后,番茄的磷肥利用率提高了31.05%~76.46%。与稻壳炭、沸石单独使用相比,在稻壳炭和沸石混合处理下,番茄的磷肥利用率在一定程度上有所提高。混合肥料中添加稻壳炭和沸石可以提高混合肥料在土壤中的磷素生物有效性,这对减少磷肥施用量和提高磷肥当季利用率具有积极的作用。

关键词: 稻壳炭, 沸石, 磷素有效性, 肥料利用率, 磷

Abstract:

In this paper, the effects of rice husk biochar and zeolite addition on P availability of mixed fertilizer in latosolic red soil and fluvo-aquic soil were studied, in order to use rice husk biochar and zeolite to improve the availability of P fertilizer in soil, slow down the P fixation and improve the P utilization rate of P fertilizer. The effect of the addition amounts and combined ratios of rice husk biochar and zeolite in mixed fertilizer on P availability in soil were studied by laboratory culture experiments and field plot experiments, and P fertilizer use ratio in tomato was studied. The results showed that the addition amounts and combined ratios of rice husk biochar and zeolite had significant effects on the latosolic red soil available phosphorus content, and the available phosphorus content displayed significant interaction between addition amounts and combined ratios. The addition amount was the dominant factor that affected the latosolic red soil available P content. The combined ratios of rice husk biochar and zeolite had significant effect on the fluvo-aquic soil available P content, and they were the dominant factor on the latosolic red soil available P content. Compared with CK, the utilization ratio of P in tomato increased (31.05%-76.46%) with the mixed fertilizer added rice husk biochar and zeolite (5%-10%), P fertilizer use ration in tomato increased in the treatment of rice husk biochar and zeolite combined addition. The addition of rice husk biochar and zeolite could improve the P efficiency of the mixed fertilizer in the soil. The findings could have a positive effect on reducing the application of phosphate fertilizer and improving its utilization rate.

Key words: rice husk biochar, zeolite, Pavailability, fertilizer use ratio, phosphorus

中图分类号:

S143

朱婧, 白玉超, 王宗抗, 张新明. 稻壳炭和沸石对赤红壤和潮土磷有效性的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(29): 93-99.

Zhu Jing, Bai Yuchao, Wang Zongkang, Zhang Xinming. Effects of Rice Husk Biochar and Zeolite on Phosphorus Availability in Latosolic Red Soil and Fluvo-aquic Soil[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(29): 93-99.

图/表 9

参考文献 33

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土壤类型	速效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	有机质/%	pH	总钙/(g/kg)	总铝/(g/kg)	总铁/(g/kg )
赤红壤	27.91	69.01	42.82	2.73	5.45	4.38	79.66	11.04
潮土	24.93	75.64	58.74	1.71	8.48	53.84	30.62	37.71

土壤类型	速效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	有机质/%	pH	总钙/(g/kg)	总铝/(g/kg)	总铁/(g/kg )
赤红壤	27.91	69.01	42.82	2.73	5.45	4.38	79.66	11.04
潮土	24.93	75.64	58.74	1.71	8.48	53.84	30.62	37.71

土壤类型	方差分析	7天	14天	28天	56天
赤红壤	因素A	38.86^***	3.30^*	4.27^**	7.98^***
	因素B	6.52^***	5.68^***	25.80^***	19.07^***
	因素A×因素B	3.38^***	2.92^**	6.11^***	5.38^***
潮土	因素A	1.31	1.55	1.09	37.64^***
	因素B	5.52^***	10.86^***	14.79^***	58.84^***
	因素A×因素B	0.92	1.54	1.94*	17.68^***

土壤类型	方差分析	7天	14天	28天	56天
赤红壤	因素A	38.86^***	3.30^*	4.27^**	7.98^***
	因素B	6.52^***	5.68^***	25.80^***	19.07^***
	因素A×因素B	3.38^***	2.92^**	6.11^***	5.38^***
潮土	因素A	1.31	1.55	1.09	37.64^***
	因素B	5.52^***	10.86^***	14.79^***	58.84^***
	因素A×因素B	0.92	1.54	1.94*	17.68^***

土壤类型	因素A	土壤有效磷含量/(mg/kg)
土壤类型	因素A	7天	14天	28天	56天
赤红壤	CK	314.69±14.64a	268.37±10.55a	221.56±15.49c	119.55±13.15c
	2%	292.53±16.72c	262.90±7.94a	239.13±9.82b	147.40±20.25a
	4%	297.64±13.33c	261.25±11.79a	244.59±16.00a	138.88±12.47b
	8%	311.48±16.41b	262.08±14.65a	244.86±15.06a	136.00±12.51b
	12%	319.56±17.62a	254.79±10.59b	238.26±15.28b	135.95±14.21b
潮土	CK	329.88±8.21a	299.38±13.11a	267.35±8.83b	262.17±15.05c
	2%	322.59±13.31a	308.77±12.93a	287.75±13.47a	270.82±9.88b
	4%	328.91±12.68a	312.89±16.25a	286.33±16.44a	274.40±13.42b
	8%	324.53±10.77a	314.38±12.91a	282.31±14.77a	282.70±15.85a
	12%	325.07±10.00a	314.00±12.80a	284.41±12.08a	283.08±20.33a