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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (18): 44-51.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0837

所属专题： 生物技术； 马铃薯

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

高产优质紫心甘薯新品种‘宁紫薯6号’的选育及育种策略探讨

贾赵东(), 马佩勇, 边小峰, 禹阳, 张铅, 刘帅, 谢一芝()   

  1. 江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,南京 210014
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-31 修回日期:2021-12-05 出版日期:2022-06-25 发布日期:2022-07-14
  • 通讯作者: 谢一芝
  • 作者简介:贾赵东,男,1977年出生,山西晋城人,副研究员,研究方向：甘薯种质创新与遗传育种。通信地址：210014 江苏省南京市 江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,Tel：025-84390309,E-mail： jzdgood162@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“长江下游抗病优质甘薯新品种选育”(2019YFD1001300);国家重点研发计划“长江下游抗病优质甘薯新品种选育”(2019YFD1001305);国家重点研发计划“长江下游抗病优质甘薯新品种选育”(3193);财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助“国家甘薯产业技术体系”(CARS-10-C3)

New Purple-flesh Sweetpotato Variety ‘Ningzishu 6’ with High Yield and Good Quality: Breeding and Breeding Strategy

JIA Zhaodong(), MA Peiyong, BIAN Xiaofeng, YU Yang, ZHANG Qian, LIU Shuai, XIE Yizhi()   

  1. Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014
  • Received:2021-08-31 Revised:2021-12-05 Online:2022-06-25 Published:2022-07-14
  • Contact: XIE Yizhi

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摘要：

旨在选育高产优质紫心甘薯新品种,加快优良品种的更新换代。以‘苏薯8号’为母本,‘渝紫薯7号’为父本,通过有性杂交,采用多环境交替定向选择、高低世代组合筛选方法,育成紫心甘薯品种‘宁紫薯6号’。研究表明,‘宁紫薯6号’聚合了双亲的优良性状,平均鲜薯产量40100.40 kg/hm2,较对照品种增产21.09%。平均干物质含量29.36%。食味评分77.8,比对照高7.8。花青素含量17.68 mg/100gFW,大中薯率84.7%。抗黑斑病和中抗茎线虫病。该品种高产稳产、食味品质优异,抗性较好,2019年通过国家非主要农作物品种登记,可作为鲜食及食品加工型紫薯品种,在长江流域薯区推广种植。笔者通过对育种策略的讨论,认为核心亲本的高效利用将显著提高育种效率,“参与育种模式”将加速品种的推广应用。

关键词: 紫心甘薯, ‘宁紫薯6号’, 品种选育, 核心亲本, 育种策略

Abstract:

The objectives of the study are to breed new varieties of purple-flesh sweetpotato with high yield and good quality. ‘Sushu 8’ was used as female parent and ‘Yuzishu 7’ was the male parent, and sexual hybridization was conducted. The new purple-flesh sweetpotato variety ‘Ningzishu 6’ was bred by screening technology of multi-environment alternative directional selection and high-low generation combination selection. The results showed that ‘Ningzishu 6’ obtained the favorable traits of the hybrid parents, the average yield of fresh root of ‘Ningzishu 6’ was 40100.40 kg/hm2, which was 21.09% higher than that of ‘Ningzishu 1’ (CK). The average dry matter rate was 29.36%. The test score of cooked taste was 77.8, which was 7.8 points higher than that of CK. The content of anthocyanin was 17.68 mg/100gFW, and the rate of large and medium-sized tuberous root was 84.7%. ‘Ningzishu 6’ was resistant to root black rot and moderately resistant to stem nematode. In summary, the new variety‘Ningzishu 6’ has high and stable yield, good taste, and good comprehensive resistance. ‘Ningzishu 6’ passed the national variety registration in 2019. As a new purple-flesh variety for fresh-eating or processing, it is suitable for application and cultivation in the Yangtze River Basin and surrounding areas. Based on the discussion of breeding strategies, the authors believe that heterosis prediction and efficient utilization of core parent materials will significantly improve the breeding efficiency, and the application of the ‘participatory breeding model’ will accelerate the commercial application of new varieties.

Key words: purple-flesh sweetpotato, ‘Ningzishu 6’, variety breeding, core parent, breeding strategy

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