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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (21): 146-155.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0552

• 畜牧·动物医学·蚕·蜂 • 上一篇    下一篇

具有益生功能芽孢杆菌的筛选鉴定及特性研究

董惠心(), 赵龙妹(), 冯铭, 李旺, 李元晓, 曹平华, 何万领   

  1. 河南科技大学动物科技学院，河南洛阳 471000
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-15 修回日期:2023-11-16 出版日期:2024-07-25 发布日期:2024-07-11
  • 通讯作者:
    赵龙妹，女，1988年出生，河南洛阳人，讲师，博士，主要从事饲料生物技术、功能微生物开发、农林副产物资源利用研究。通信地址：471000 河南省洛阳市洛龙区开元大道，河南科技大学动物科技学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    董惠心，女，2000年出生，河南洛阳人，本科，研究方向：饲料生物技术、功能微生物开发、农林副产物资源利用。通信地址：471000 河南省洛阳市洛龙区开元大道，河南科技大学动物科技学院，Tel：0379-18237903798，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    河南科技大学博士科研启动基金“酶解玉米芯与益生素联用效果研究”(13480076); 河南省自然科学基金“低聚木糖和乳酸调控酶菌协同发酵玉米芯释放益生元机制研究”(242300420468)

Bacillus with Probiotic Function: Screening, Identification and Characterization

DONG Huixin(), ZHAO Longmei(), FENG Ming, LI Wang, LI Yuanxiao, CAO Pinghua, HE Wanling   

  1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000
  • Received:2023-08-15 Revised:2023-11-16 Published:2024-07-25 Online:2024-07-11

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摘要：

本研究旨在筛选出产酶能力及抑菌性能优良的发酵菌株，为新型饲料资源的开发和抗生素替代品的研究提供参考。以蜡样芽胞杆菌菌株H14为出发菌株，分析其酶学特性和抑菌性能，通过单因素试验对发酵菜籽粕的饲料添加量与发酵时间进行优化。筛选鉴定出一株产纤维素酶、蛋白酶、淀粉酶、木聚糖酶的蜡样芽胞杆菌H14。产纤维素酶最适反应条件为60℃，pH 9，酶活11.51 U/mL，蛋白酶酶活73.68 U/mL，淀粉酶酶活5.96 U/mL，木聚糖酶酶活14.02 U/mL。对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌最大抑菌直径分别为18.200±0.200 mm和17.567±0.493 mm。发酵菜籽粕产纤维素酶的最佳条件为菜籽粕添加量25%，发酵48 h，酶活为12.608 U/mL，对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的最佳抑菌效果分别为菜籽粕添加量25%，发酵48 h，抑菌直径为24.933±0.204 mm；菜籽粕添加量25%，发酵72 h，抑菌直径为27.400±0.529 mm，发酵产物含蔗糖、木糖、葡萄糖。综上所述，本研究成功筛选出一株具有良好产酶和抑菌特性的发酵菌株H14，其在发酵菜籽粕生产中表现出良好的应用潜力，为未来发酵饲料的研发提供了有价值的参考。

关键词: 蜡样芽孢杆菌, 筛选鉴定, 酶学特性分析, 发酵菜籽粕, 抑菌性能, 发酵菌株, 纤维素酶, 蛋白酶, 淀粉酶, 木聚糖酶, 饲料资源转化, 抗生素替代品

Abstract:

The aim is to obtain the fermentation strains with remarkable ability to produce enzyme and antibacterial property, and provide reference for the conversion of new feed resources and the search for antibiotic substitutes. Using strain H14 as the starting point, its enzymatic property and antibacterial ability were analyzed. The feed addition and fermentation time of fermented rapeseed meal were optimized by single factor experiments. A strain of Bacillus cereus H14 that produces cellulase, protease, amylase, and xylanase was screened and identified. The optimal reaction conditions for cellulase production were 60℃ and pH 9, and the activity of cellulase, protease, amylase and xylanase was 11.51 U/mL, 73.68 U/mL, 5.96 U/mL and 14.02 U/mL respectively. The maximum inhibitory diameters against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 18.200±0.200 mm and 17.567±0.493 mm, respectively. The optimal conditions for fermenting rapeseed meal to produce cellulase were adding 25% rapeseed, incubating for 48 h, enzyme activity reached 12.608 U/mL, and the optimal antibacterial effects on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were adding 25% rapeseed meal and incubating for 48 h, the antibacterial diameter (mm) was 24.933±0.204; and adding 25% rapeseed meal and incubating for 72 h, the antibacterial diameter (mm) was 27.400±0.529, respectively. The fermentation products contain sucrose, xylose, and glucose. This experiment screened out a good fermentation strain, which could provide some reference for the development of fermented feed.

Key words: Bacillus cereus, screening and identification, senzymatic characteristic analysis, fermented rapeseed meal, antibacterial property, fermentation strain, cellulase, protease, amylase, xylanase, conversion of feed resources, alternative to antibiotics