欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 137-141.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0293

所属专题: 生物技术 烟草种植与生产

• 食品·营养·检测·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

“两炖一停”烘烤工艺烤烟蛋白酶活性及蛋白质含量的动态变化

潘洪1(), 龙庆祥2, 林小淇2, 刘婕2, 艾复清1,3()   

  1. 1贵州大学,贵阳 550025
    2贵州省烟草公司黔南州公司,贵州黔南 558000
    3贵州省烟草品质重点研究实验室,贵阳 550025
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-27 修回日期:2020-11-26 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-04-09
  • 通讯作者: 艾复清
  • 作者简介:潘洪,男,1993年出生,研究方向:烤烟栽培与调制。通信地址:550025 贵州省贵阳市花溪区贵州大学西校区烟草学院,E-mail: 1396720067@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目“‘两炖一停’密集烘烤工艺研究与示范”(201620)

Dynamic Change of Protease Activity and Protein Content in ‘Two Stews and One Stop’ Flue-curing of Flue-cured Tobacco

Pan Hong1(), Long Qingxiang2, Lin Xiaoqi2, Liu jie2, Ai Fuqing1,3()   

  1. 1Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025
    2Qiannan Tobacco Company of Guizhou Province, Qiannan Guizhou 558000
    3Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality Research in Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025
  • Received:2020-07-27 Revised:2020-11-26 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-04-09
  • Contact: Ai Fuqing

摘要:

为研究“两炖一停”烘烤工艺烤烟蛋白酶活性和蛋白质含量动态变化与常规烘烤变化的差异,设置常规烘烤(对照)和“两炖一停”烘烤2种烘烤方式,研究烘烤过程烟叶的蛋白酶活性和蛋白质含量动态变化。2种烘烤方式烘烤过程中蛋白酶活性均呈升-降-升-降的“双峰曲线”变化规律,第一个峰值出现在变黄期,第二个峰值出现在定色期,以第一个峰值的酶活性更高;蛋白质含量呈下降趋势,在变黄期快速下降,定色期缓慢下降,干筋期变化不大,均以变黄期为蛋白质的主要降解时期,降解幅度均在80%以上。2种烘烤方式中“两炖一停”烘烤2个峰值的酶活性分别为208.5、199.26 U/mg,较对照高出19.46、30.63 U/mg,且峰值区间的酶活性平均值更高,持续时间更长,峰值出现也较对照晚;蛋白质降解以“两炖一停”烘烤的降解幅度更大,变黄期的降解幅度占总降解幅度的89.3%,较对照多8.5个百分点,烤后烟叶蛋白质含量也更低。可见,采用“两炖一停”烘烤的方式可提高烟叶蛋白酶的活性及持续时间,从而更利于蛋白质降解,减少烤后烟叶的蛋白质含量。

关键词: 烤烟, 烘烤方式, 蛋白质, 蛋白酶, 动态变化

Abstract:

The study aims to investigate the difference of the dynamic changes of protease activity and protein content of flue-cured tobacco between the ‘two stews and one stop’ curing and the conventional curing process. The results showed that protease activities presented a ‘double-peak curve’ of up-down-up-down in both the two curing processes, and the first peak occurred in the yellowing period with higher enzyme activity and the second peak occurred in the color fixing period. The protein content showed a downward trend, rapidly declined in the yellowing period, slowly declined in the fixation period, and had little change in the dry gluten period. The yellowing period was the main degradation period of protein, and the degradation range was above 80%. For the two curing methods, the enzyme activities of the two peaks were 208.5 and 199.26 U/mg respectively in ‘two stews and one stop’ curing process, which were 19.46 and 30.63 U/mg higher than those in the control, and the average enzyme activity in the peak interval was higher, the duration was longer, and the peak appeared later than those of the control. The degradation range of protein was greater in ‘two stews and one stop’ curing, and the degradation range during the yellowing period accounted for 89.3% of the total degradation range, 8.5 percentages more than that in the control, and the protein content of flue-cured tobacco was lower. The research results indicates that the activity and duration of tobacco leaf protease can be improved by ‘two stews and one stop’ curing method, which is more conducive to protein degradation and could reduce the protein content of the flue-cured tobacco leaf.

Key words: flue-cured tobacco, flue-curing mode, protein, protease, dynamic change

中图分类号: