先进的组学技术在植物抗病研究中的应用

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0961

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来植物病害问题的频繁发生,严重影响着中国农业的生产与发展。为了提高植物抗病能力,从而抵御植物病害,本文归纳了基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学技术在植物抗病研究中的应用,总结了培育抗病品种、生物防治、植物病害监测技术等方法来减轻植物病害,从分子水平上分析了不同植物抗病机理,揭示相关抗病基因与其生长发育之间的密切关联。同时本文指出组学技术应用于植物抗病存在的不足,仍有一些低丰富度或低分子量的功能蛋白未被成功鉴定,提出提高检测技术的灵敏度、完善基因、代谢数据库等意见。组学技术不断发展与创新,为防治植物病害带来了新的契机。将有助于抗病品种的选育、病原菌的检测与防治和提高植物抗病能力等,从而促进植物生长和增加作物产量。

关键词: 基因组学, 转录组学, 蛋白质组学, 代谢组学, 植物抗病

Abstract:

In recent years, the frequent occurrence of plant diseases has seriously affected the production and development of China’s agriculture. In order to improve plant disease resistance, this paper summarized the application of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabonomics in plant disease resistance research. At the same time, it summarized the methods of breeding disease-resistant varieties, biological control and plant disease monitoring technology to reduce plant diseases, analyzed different plant disease resistance mechanisms at molecular level, and revealed the close relationship between related disease resistance genes and their growth and development. This paper pointed out the shortcomings of omics technology application in plant disease resistance. There are still some functional proteins with low abundance or low molecular weight that have not been identified. Some suggestions were put forward, such as improving the sensitivity of detection technology, and perfecting gene and metabolic database. The continuous development and innovation of omics technology has brought new opportunities for the prevention and control of plant diseases. It will be helpful for breeding resistant varieties, detection and control of pathogenic bacteria, and improvement of plant resistance, so as to promote plant growth and increase crop yield.

Key words: genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabonomics, plant disease resistance

中图分类号:

S432.1

陈明月, 姜涛, 赵冬梅, 白莉, 张雪琦, 孟姣. 先进的组学技术在植物抗病研究中的应用[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(24): 86-91.

CHEN Mingyue, JIANG Tao, ZHAO Dongmei, BAI Li, ZHANG Xueqi, MENG Jiao. Application of Advanced Omics Technology in Plant Disease Resistance Research[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(24): 86-91.

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