聚乙烯(PE)生物降解的研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0859

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (21): 69-77.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0859

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇下一篇

聚乙烯(PE)生物降解的研究进展

石悦琪¹(), 叶广彬², 孙珊珊¹(), 葛菁萍¹()

¹ 黑龙江大学，生命科学学院，农业微生物技术教育部工程研究中心，黑龙江省寒区植物基因与生物发酵重点实验室，黑龙江省普通高校微生物重点实验室，哈尔滨 150080
² 右江民族医学院生命科学研究院，广西百色 533000

收稿日期:2023-12-14 修回日期:2024-02-15 出版日期:2024-07-25 发布日期:2024-07-11
通讯作者:
孙珊珊，女，1990年出生，黑龙江绥化人，讲师，博士，研究方向：微生物次生代谢产物与生理。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号黑龙江大学224信箱，Tel：0451-86609016，E-mail：2022043@hlju.edu.cn。
葛菁萍，女，1972年出生，黑龙江齐齐哈尔人，教授，博士，研究方向：微生物资源挖掘与利用。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号黑龙江大学224信箱，Tel：0451-86609016，E-mail：gejingping@126.com。
作者简介:
石悦琪，女，2001年出生，黑龙江佳木斯人，硕士研究生，研究方向：微生物次生代谢产物与生理。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号黑龙江大学生命科学学院，E-mail：1162579691@qq.com。
基金资助:
黑龙江省生态环境厅项目“土壤污染物PET降解菌的协同代谢及修复效果初探”(HST2022TR005); 黑龙江省科学技术协会项目“黑龙江省青年科技人才托举工程项目”(2022QNTJ007); 黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目“土壤污染物聚乙烯对二醇酯降解菌降解机制探究”(2022-KYYWF-1120); “用于农村有机废弃物综合处理与再利用厌氧消化复合菌系的开发”(22107厌氧); “广西高校中青年教师基础能力提升项目”(2022KY0541)

Research Progress on Biodegradation of Polyethylene (PE)

SHI Yueqi¹(), YE Guangbin², SUN Shanshan¹(), GE Jingping¹()

¹ Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education / Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region / Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province / School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
² Life Sciences Institute, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000

Received:2023-12-14 Revised:2024-02-15 Published:2024-07-25 Online:2024-07-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

聚乙烯(Polyethylene，PE)作为全世界使用量最多的塑料之一，因其耐磨性、高分子量和抗损坏特性而在自然环境中持久存在。PE的破裂形成微塑料（Microplastics, MPs），这些微塑料已大量积累并对生态系统构成威胁。目前，已有研究表明PE能够被部分降解，但在寻找能够完全降解PE的微生物或酶，以及构建更完整的PE生物降解途径方面仍需深入研究。本文通过综述PE的分类、回收技术、表征方法、以及降解PE的微生物和酶的种类，探讨了生物降解的途径及其影响因素，并对未来研究方向从理论和应用两方面提出了建议，为继续探索其降解机制提供理论依据。

关键词: 聚乙烯, 微塑料, 表征方法, 微生物, 酶, 生物降解, 聚乙烯降解菌, 降解途径

Abstract:

Polyethylene (PE), as one of the most used plastics in the world, has widely existed in the natural environment because of its wear-resistant, high molecular weight and indestructible properties. PE would break down into microplastics (MPs) and accumulate in large quantities, and currently MPs has become an important pollutant that affects the ecosystem. Currently, many studies have been demonstrated that PE could be partially degraded, but further research is needed in screening of microorganisms or enzymes that could completely degrade PE and construct a complete biodegradation pathway for PE. Therefore, this paper summarizes the classification, recycle methods and characterization methods of PE, microorganisms and enzymes that degrade PE, biodegradation pathways and influencing factors, and proposes future research directions of PE biodegradation. These findings provide theoretical basis for the degradation mechanism of PE.

Key words: polyethylene, microplastics, characterization methods, microorganisms, enzymes, biodegradation, polythene degrading strains, degradation pathways

石悦琪, 叶广彬, 孙珊珊, 葛菁萍. 聚乙烯(PE)生物降解的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(21): 69-77.

SHI Yueqi, YE Guangbin, SUN Shanshan, GE Jingping. Research Progress on Biodegradation of Polyethylene (PE)[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(21): 69-77.

图/表 7

参考文献 39

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菌株名称	菌株来源	培养时间/d	降解特征	参考文献
Pseudomonas	土壤	120	重量降低7.2%	[11]
Methylobacterium radiotolerans、Methylobacterium fujisawaense、Lysinibacillus fusiformis	城市固体废物处置区	180	重量分别降低了42.87%、37.2% 和23.87%	[12]
Bacillus cereus、Brevibacillus borstelensis	地膜	56	质量分别损失了3.62%和1.2%	[13]
Alternaria altanata	海水	28	薄膜相对结晶度降低10.77%	[15]
Trichoderma viride、Aspergillus nomius	垃圾填埋场	45	重量降低了5.13%和6.63%	[16]
Aspergillus oryzae	垃圾场	112	重量减轻5.1%	[17]
Aspergillus flavus	蜡蛾肠道	28	分子量降低	[18]
Streptomyces albogriseolus	土壤	30	塑料表面有破损和孔洞	[19]
Rhodococcous	风化塑料	34	重量减轻1%，PE表面有凹坑	[20]

菌株名称	菌株来源	培养时间/d	降解特征	参考文献
Pseudomonas	土壤	120	重量降低7.2%	[11]
Methylobacterium radiotolerans、Methylobacterium fujisawaense、Lysinibacillus fusiformis	城市固体废物处置区	180	重量分别降低了42.87%、37.2% 和23.87%	[12]
Bacillus cereus、Brevibacillus borstelensis	地膜	56	质量分别损失了3.62%和1.2%	[13]
Alternaria altanata	海水	28	薄膜相对结晶度降低10.77%	[15]
Trichoderma viride、Aspergillus nomius	垃圾填埋场	45	重量降低了5.13%和6.63%	[16]
Aspergillus oryzae	垃圾场	112	重量减轻5.1%	[17]
Aspergillus flavus	蜡蛾肠道	28	分子量降低	[18]
Streptomyces albogriseolus	土壤	30	塑料表面有破损和孔洞	[19]
Rhodococcous	风化塑料	34	重量减轻1%，PE表面有凹坑	[20]

菌株名称	菌株来源	培养时间/d	降解特征	参考文献
Bacillus sp.、Paenibacillus sp.	垃圾填埋场	60	干重降低了7.60%，平均颗粒直径降低了8.60%	[21]
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens、Bacillus velezensi、Enterococcus faecalis	大麦虫肠道	30	料薄膜使边缘破损，疏水性降低	[22]
Stenotrophomonas sp.、Achromobacter sp.	城市垃圾场	100	重量降低8%	[23]

菌株名称	菌株来源	培养时间/d	降解特征	参考文献
Bacillus sp.、Paenibacillus sp.	垃圾填埋场	60	干重降低了7.60%，平均颗粒直径降低了8.60%	[21]
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens、Bacillus velezensi、Enterococcus faecalis	大麦虫肠道	30	料薄膜使边缘破损，疏水性降低	[22]
Stenotrophomonas sp.、Achromobacter sp.	城市垃圾场	100	重量降低8%	[23]

聚乙烯(PE)生物降解的研究进展

Research Progress on Biodegradation of Polyethylene (PE)

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