盐碱胁迫下作物氮素吸收利用的响应机理及调控措施研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0828

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (24): 44-50.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0828

盐碱胁迫下作物氮素吸收利用的响应机理及调控措施研究进展

高敬文¹(), 郭子燕¹, 王峰²()

¹ 浙江经贸职业技术学院，杭州 310018
² 浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所，杭州 310016

收稿日期:2023-12-08 修回日期:2024-02-15 出版日期:2024-08-20 发布日期:2024-08-20
通讯作者:
王峰，男，1988年生，江苏徐州人，副研究员，博士，研究方向为植物营养与肥料。通信地址：310000 浙江省杭州市上城区石桥路198号浙江省农业科学院，Tel：0571-85053179，E-mail：fengwang1988@foxmail.com。
作者简介:
高敬文，女，1993年生，山东枣庄人，讲师，博士，主要从事作物生理生态研究。通信地址：310018 浙江省杭州市钱塘区学林街280号，浙江经贸职业技术学院， Tel：0571-86929746，E-mail：jingwen.go@foxmail.com。
基金资助:
浙江省重点研发计划“苗木草皮复耕土壤改良和快速修复技术集成与应用示范”(2021C02020); 国家自然科学基金“基于根系碳氮代谢平衡的小麦渍害适应机制及其调控研究”(32100217); 浙江经贸职业技术学院博士科研启动基金项目“产地环境胁迫下植物生长调节剂对蔬菜生长的影响及调控机理”(23BSJJ04); 钱塘区高校博士进企业项目“盐碱地蔬菜品质提升技术及调理剂产品研发”

The Response Mechanism of Crop Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization to Salt and Alkali Stress and Related Regulating Managements: A Review

GAO Jingwen¹(), GUO Ziyan¹, Wang Feng²()

¹ Zhejiang Institute of Economics and Trade, Hangzhou 310018
² Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizer Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310016

Received:2023-12-08 Revised:2024-02-15 Published:2024-08-20 Online:2024-08-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

开展盐碱胁迫下对作物氮素吸收利用的影响及其调控途径的综述研究，为盐碱胁迫下氮素利用率的提高和盐碱地综合利用技术提供理论依据。从种子萌发、幼苗生长、根系生长、光合作用、渗透调节系统、氧化还原系统、离子平衡等方面系统归纳了盐碱胁迫对作物生长的影响，从土壤氮素循环、根系氮素吸收和氮素同化等方面分析了盐碱胁迫对作物氮素吸收利用的影响机理。结果显示，可以从氮高效品种选用、土壤调理剂施用、土壤有机质增施、生长调节剂控制、内生菌根定植等方面提高盐碱胁迫下作物的氮素吸收利用。通过开展综述，提出了开发利用相应的菌剂产品、关于不同程度的盐胁迫下作物氮素吸收利用的响应特征、开展耐盐品种的育种工作、深入挖掘植物体内碳氮代谢相关组学机理、新型植物生长调节剂在盐碱胁迫下对作物氮素利用的影响等盐碱地作物的养分管理和稳产高产理论与途径研究方向。

关键词: 盐碱胁迫, 作物生长, 氮素吸收利用, 生理机理, 调控措施

Abstract:

In order to elucidate the response of crop nitrogen absorption and utilization to salt and alkali stress and the regulation mechanisms, based on domestically and internationally research progress, this article summed the effect of salt and alkali stress on crop growth from the aspects of seed germination, seedling growth, root growth, photosynthesis, osmotic regulation system, redox system, and ion balance; discussed the impact of salt and alkali stress on crop nitrogen absorption and utilization and the undying mechanisms from the aspects of soil nitrogen cycling, root nitrogen absorption, and nitrogen assimilation; summarized the regulatory methods on crop nitrogen uptake and utilization under salt alkali stress such as nitrogen efficient variety selection, soil conditioner application, organic matter application, growth regulator application, and endophytic mycorrhizal colonization, and discussed the undying mechanisms. This article pointed out that soil salinization was one of the key soil barrier factors limiting crop production. Increasing nitrogen fertilizer application was an effective way to alleviate salt stress, but improper nitrogen fertilizer application could lead to a decrease in nitrogen utilization efficiency. Further in-depth research on crop nitrogen response mechanisms and regulatory pathways under salt stress from the soil-crop system could be of great significance for crop nutrient management and stable and high crops yield under soil salinization.

Key words: salt and alkali stress, crop growth, nitrogen absorption and utilization, physiological mechanisms, regulating technique

高敬文, 郭子燕, 王峰. 盐碱胁迫下作物氮素吸收利用的响应机理及调控措施研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(24): 44-50.

GAO Jingwen, GUO Ziyan, Wang Feng. The Response Mechanism of Crop Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization to Salt and Alkali Stress and Related Regulating Managements: A Review[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(24): 44-50.

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盐碱胁迫下作物氮素吸收利用的响应机理及调控措施研究进展

The Response Mechanism of Crop Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization to Salt and Alkali Stress and Related Regulating Managements: A Review

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