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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (35): 35-42.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0242

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

石漠化地区不同植被修复模式对土壤质量影响的研究

李贵1(), 童方平1, 吴敏1, 童琪2, 刘振华1, 彭祖武3, 刘森1,4, 邓芫礼1,4, 谢沛源5, 陈瑞1()   

  1. 1 湖南省林业科学院,长沙 410004
    2 贵州省植物园,贵阳 550004
    3 城步苗族自治县林业科学研究所,湖南城步 422501
    4 中南林业科技大学林学院,长沙 410004
    5 湖南省林业局事务中心,长沙 410007
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-31 修回日期:2024-08-21 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2024-12-12
  • 通讯作者:
    陈瑞,女,1984年出生,湖南岳阳人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事困难立地植被恢复及生态治理研究。通信地址:410004 湖南省长沙市韶山南路658号,Tel:0731-85578707,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    李贵,女,1980年出生,湖南邵阳人,副研究员,博士,研究方向:林木遗传改良、难造林地植被恢复与生态修复等。通信地址:410004 湖南省长沙市韶山南路658号,Tel:0731-85578707,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    中央财政林业科技推广项目“湖南省涟源市生态廊道难造林地植被恢复标准化示范区建设”([2022]XT03); 湖南省林业科技科技攻关与创新项目“矿区重金属污染难立地高质量生态修复技术示范”(XLKY202209); 湖南省林业科技创新专项“石漠化植被生态治理及资源利用模式研究与示范”(XLK201905); 湖南省野生动植物保护项目“湖南木荚红豆繁育及培植”

Effect of Different Afforestation Restoration Models on Soil Quality in Rocky Desertification Area in Sangzhi

LI Gui1(), TONG Fangping1, WU Min1, TONG Qi2, LIU Zhenhua1, PENG Zuwu3, LIU Sen1,4, DENG Yuanli1,4, XIE Peiyuan5, CHEN Rui1()   

  1. 1 Hunan Forestry Academy, Changsha Hunan, Changsha 410004
    2 Guizhou Forest Botanical Garden, Guiyang 550004
    3 Forestry Science Institute of Chengbu County, Chengbu, Hunan 422501
    4 College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004
    5 Transaction center of Hunan Forestry, Changsha 410007
  • Received:2024-03-31 Revised:2024-08-21 Published:2024-12-15 Online:2024-12-12

摘要:

本研究旨在评估桑植县石漠化地区6种不同植被修复模式对土壤理化特性的影响,并进行土壤质量的综合评价。选取的修复模式包括针叶林(10C)、7针3阔混交林(7C3B)、5针5阔混交林(5C5B)、3针7阔混交林(3C7B)、阔叶林(10B)以及荒山荒地对照(CK)。分析各修复模式土壤理化特性及差异,并进行土壤质量综合评价。结果表明:石漠化不同植被修复模式土壤理化特性差异明显,5种造林修复模式的土壤毛管孔隙度、容重、速效P、速效K及有机质含量与对照模式(荒山荒地)之间均存在显著性差异,其他理化指标在部分模式与对照之间也存在显著差异。土壤容重与其他理化指标均呈负相关,土壤全N、全P、全K、碱解N、有机质及其他3个物理指标间均呈正相关。主成分分析权重系数均超过0.8的指标有全N、全K、速效K、有机质、总孔隙度、容重、含水率、毛管孔隙度,表明这些指标可以作为研究区土壤理化特性的主要表征指标。土壤质量综合评分结果表明,6个植被修复模式得分排序为:5针5阔>3针7阔>针叶林>7针3阔>阔叶林>CK(荒山荒地)。研究表明,植树造林有利于改善石漠化区土壤质量,通过近30 a的植物修复,石漠化土壤养分水平得到了显著提高,除碱解N、全P含量尚处于较低水平外,其他养分指标均恢复到中上及以上水平。

关键词: 桑植县, 石漠化, 修复模式, 土壤理化

Abstract:

To selected the best plant configuration restoration mode of rocky desertification, this study took the forest land of six different restoration modes of 10C (coniferous forest), 7C3B (7 coniferous 3 broad-leaved), 5C5B (5 coniferous 5 broad-leaved), 3C7B (3 coniferous 7 broad-leaved), 10B (broad-leaved forest) and CK (barren hills and wasteland) of rocky desertification in Sangzhi County as the research object, compared the soil physiochemical properties and differences of each restoration mode, and comprehensively evaluated the soil quality of each mode. The results showed that in the study area, the soil physiochemical properties of rocky desertification forest land in different restoration modes were significantly different. There were significant differences in capillary porosity, soil bulk density, available P and available K content and organic matter between the five afforestation restoration modes and the control mode. There were also significant differences in other physical and chemical indicators between some models and the control. Soil bulk density was negatively correlated with other physiochemical indicators, indicating that the greater the soil bulk density, the lower the various nutrient contents. Soil bulk density was negatively correlated with other physical and chemical indexes, while soil total N, total P, total K, alkaline hydrolysis N, organic matter and other three physical indexes were positively correlated. Principal component analysis showed that the weight coefficients of bulk density, water content, total porosity, capillary porosity, total N, total K, available K and organic matter content of rocky desertification forest land were larger than 0.8, indicating that these indexes were the main indexes to characterize the physiochemical properties of soil in rocky desertification forest land. The comprehensive evaluation of soil quality of each mode was comprehensively scored, and the order of scores was 5 coniferous 5 broad-leaved > 3 coniferous 7 broad-leaved > coniferous forest > 7 coniferous 3 broad-leaved > broad-leaved forest > CK (barren hills and wasteland). Overall, afforestation was beneficial to improve the soil quality in rocky desertification area, through nearly 30 years of phytoremediation, the nutrient level of rocky desertification soil has been significantly improved. Except that the contents of alkali-hydrolyzable N and total P are still kept a low level, other nutrient indicators have risen to the upper-middle and above levels.

Key words: Sangzhi County, rocky desertification, restoration mode, soil physiochemical