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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (22): 41-46.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0048

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

石羊河流域油蒿群落特征研究

李得禄(), 张锦春, 袁宏波, 曹蕾, 赵倩云   

  1. 甘肃省风沙灾害防治重点实验室/甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家级野外站/甘肃省治沙研究所/甘肃临泽荒漠生态系统定位观测研究站，兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-21 修回日期:2025-06-10 出版日期:2025-08-05 发布日期:2025-08-11
  • 作者简介:

    李得禄，男，1977年出生，甘肃民乐人，研究员，从事荒漠植物及荒漠化防治工作。E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家地区基金“典型荒漠植物油蒿种子粘液特性及其对种子萌发定居的作用机制”(32360271); 国家基础资源调查专项“中蒙戈壁植物资源特征调查”(2023FY100701-6); 中央引导地方发展专项“甘肃省沙旱生植物保护与利用技术创新基地建设”(24ZYQA052); “西部之光”青年学者人才计划“生态输水对青土湖土壤盐结皮发育及抗风蚀性能影响研究”(22JR9KA028)

Study on Community Characteristics of Artemisia ordosica in Shiyang River Basin

LI Delu(), ZHANG Jinchun, YUAN Hongbo, CAO Lei, ZHAO Qianyun   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating/ Minqin National Field Station for Desert Steppe Ecosystem/ Gansu Desert Control Research Institute/ Gansu Linze Desert Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Lanzhou 730070
  • Received:2025-01-21 Revised:2025-06-10 Published:2025-08-05 Online:2025-08-11

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摘要：

为探究不同生境条件下油蒿植物群落的物种组成及其物种多样性特征，以石羊河流域不同分布区域的油蒿为研究对象，开展油蒿群落分布范围的调查工作，测定不同区域油蒿群落的相关特征，对油蒿群落的物种多样性特征进行分析。研究结果显示，石羊河流域的油蒿群落中共有26种荒漠植物，其中包括7种灌木、9种多年生草本、10种一年生草本。草本植物的数量占物种总数的73.08%，而灌木数量仅占26.92%。不同区域油蒿的高度、冠幅等指标存在显著差异，油蒿个体大小与分布区域的生境条件密切相关。在降雨量相对较大的古浪县，油蒿的高度明显高于降雨量相对较小的民勤县，表明分布区域的生境条件在很大程度上决定了油蒿个体的生长状况。油蒿群落的丰富度指数介于3~12之间，整体丰富度指数较低。这是因为油蒿的生境基本为固定半固定沙丘，适宜生长的物种数量较少。此外，其他多样性指数也与分布区域的生境相关，在降雨量较多的流域东部相对较高。综上所述，石羊河流域油蒿群落的物种组成较为单一，灌木植物种类稀少，草本植物占据绝对优势。油蒿个体的生长量、多样性指数与区域生境之间存在较大的相关性。

关键词: 油蒿群落, 群落结构, 物种组成, 物种多样性, 分布

Abstract:

In order to study the species composition and diversity characteristics of Artemisia ordosica plant communities under different habitat conditions, taking Artemisia ordosica in different regions of Shiyang River Basin as the research objects, the distribution range of A. ordosica was determined, the community characteristics of A. ordosica in different regions were measured, and the species diversity characteristics of the community were analyzed. The results showed that there were a total of 26 desert plants in the A. ordosica community, including 7 shrubs, 9 perennial herbaceous plants, and 10 annual herbaceous plants, the number of herbs accounts for 73.08% of the total species, while the number of shrubs only accounts for 26.92%. The indicators of A. ordosica height and crown width distributed in different regions were closely related to the distribution area. The height of A. ordosica in Gulang County with high rainfall was significantly higher than that in Minqin County with relatively low rainfall, and the distribution area determined the individual growth status of A. ordosica. The richness index of A. ordosica community ranged from 3 to 12, with a relatively low richness index. The habitat of A. ordosica was mainly fixed and semi fixed sand dunes, with fewer species suitable for growth. Other diversity indices were also related to distribution areas, and were relatively high in the eastern part of the watershed with more rainfall. Therefore, the species composition of A. ordosica community is relatively simple, shrubs are rare in species, while herbaceous plants have an absolute advantage, and the growth characteristics and diversity index of the community of A. ordosica are highly correlated with the regional habitat.

Key words: Artemisia ordosica community, community structure, species composition, species diversity, distribution