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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (22): 47-56.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0002

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

错季番茄品种在潞江坝地区的适应性研究

马前涛1(), 田文涛1, 温婕2, 马智斌3, 张云娟1, 赵丽菊1, 禹昊辰4, 刘宛1, 宋志姣1()   

  1. 1 保山学院资源环境学院,云南保山 678000
    2 保山职业学院,云南保山 678000
    3 四川农业大学玉米研究所,成都 611130
    4 保山星辰农业发展有限公司,云南保山 678103
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-02 修回日期:2025-06-08 出版日期:2025-08-05 发布日期:2025-08-11
  • 通讯作者:
    宋志姣,副教授,博士,主要从事植物资源评价与利用方面研究。E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    马前涛,男,1982年出生,河北保定人,讲师,硕士,研究方向为区域资源开发。E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    保山学院自科项目“国内主要番茄品种保山地区引种综合评价”(ZKJC202002); 云南省科技厅科技计划项目“怒江下游山地农业生态系统云南省野外科学观测研究站”(202305AM340031)

Adaptability Research of Stagger Season Tomato Varieties in Lujiangba Region

MA Qiantao1(), TIAN Wentao1, WEN Jie2, MA Zhibin3, ZHANG Yunjuan1, ZHAO Liju1, YU Haochen4, LIU Wan1, SONG Zhijiao1()   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environment, Baoshan University, Baoshan, Yunnan 678000
    2 Baoshan Vocational College, Baoshan, Yunnan 678000
    3 Corn Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130
    4 Baoshan Xingchen Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Baoshan, Yunnan 678103
  • Received:2025-01-02 Revised:2025-06-08 Published:2025-08-05 Online:2025-08-11

摘要:

为筛选适宜潞江坝地区秋冬春季节露地种植的优质番茄品种,丰富干热河谷区番茄品种资源,在露地栽培条件下,对来源于国内外的20个番茄品种的物候期、果实性状、果实品质、抗病性及商品性等进行比较,并基于主成分分析法开展综合评价。结果显示,参试品种间在关键指标上存在显著差异,产量为84.00~125.45 t/hm2,发病率为0%~4.89%,果形指数为0.63~1.21,裂果率为0%~14.29%,畸形果率为0%~0.98%,货架期7~14 d。果实可溶性固形物含量4.73%~7.30%,维生素C含量4.81~39.63 mg/100 g,果实可溶性蛋白含量44.2~58.7 μg/g,花色苷含量在0~8.31 μg/kg,可溶性总糖含量4.23%~6.25%,可滴定酸含量0.28%~0.71%,黄酮含量0.07~0.34 μg/g,番茄红素含量0~14.99 mg/100 g,商品果率85.71%~100%。主成分分析显示,前4个主成分累积贡献率达76.24%,能有效反映大部分指标信息。综合评价显示,‘五彩’、‘悉达西红柿’、‘红樱桃’、‘紫皮球’和‘红珍珠’在综合评价中表现优异,适合推广种植;‘红珍珠’、‘丽丽一点红’、‘樱桃西红柿’和‘褶边西红柿’番茄红素含量较高,适合作为加工番茄品种培育;‘紫皮球’、‘紫五彩’、‘五彩’、‘樱桃西红柿’和‘悉达西红柿’果实硬度高、货架期长,可作为贮运品种推广应用。

关键词: 番茄, 错季节栽培, 品种比较, 主成分分析, 综合评价, 干热河谷区, 果实品质

Abstract:

The present paper aimed to screen out tomato varieties with good-quality suitable for Lujiangba region in winter-spring stagger season and to enrich tomato varieties resource in dry-hot valley region. 20 excellent varieties from home and abroad were introduced and cultivated in the open cultivation. Their phenophase, fruit traits, fruit quality, disease resistance, and commodity were compared, and 20 different tomato varieties were comprehensively evaluated based on the principal component analysis method. There were significant differences among key indexes of tested tomato varieties, among which the yield ranged from 84.00 to 125.45 t/hm2, incidence rate was within 0%-4.89%, fruit type index was from 0.63 to 1.21, dehiscent fruit rate was within 0%-14.29%, abnormal fruit rate was 0%-0.98%, and fruit shelf life was within 7-14 d, respectively. In terms of quality index, the soluble solid content was in the range of 4.73%-7.30%, vitamin C content was within 4.81-39.63 mg/100 g, the soluble protein content ranged from 44.2-58.7 μg/g, anthocyanin level was in the range of 0- 8.31 μg/kg, soluble sugar level was within 4.23%-6.25%, titratable acid was in the range of 0.28%-0.71%, flavone was within 0.07-0.34 μg/g, lycopene content was in the range of 0-14.99 mg/100 g, and commodity fruit-rate was within 89.71%-100%, respectively. Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first four principal components accounted for 76.24%, which effectively reflected most indicator information. The best performing varieties by the comprehensive evaluation were as follows: ‘Multicolor’, ‘Siddha’, ‘Red Cherry’, ‘Purple Globe’ and ‘Red Pearl’, indicating that these five tomato cultivars could be widely planted and extended in Lujiangba region. Alternatively, four tested varieties of ‘Red Pearl’, ‘Lili Redspot’, ‘Cherry Tomato’ and ‘Ruffled Tomato’ had a potential to be cultivated as processed tomato products with high level of lycopene content. Five tested varieties of ‘Purple Globe’, ‘Purple Multicolor’, ‘Multicolor’, ‘Cherry Tomato’ and ‘Siddha’ could be extended in Lujiangba region due to their high hardness and longer shelf life in fruits.

Key words: tomato, off-season cultivation, variety comparison, principal component analysis, comprehensive evaluation, dry-hot valley region, fruit quality