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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (23): 117-124.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0642

• 畜牧·动物医学·蚕·蜂 • 上一篇    

引进8个紫花苜蓿品种在图木舒克垦区的适应性分析

邵青龙1(), 马西青2, 魏俊梅1, 王万蓉1, 姚小琴1, 吴玉蓉1, 张栋海1(), 邵明3()   

  1. 1 新疆生产建设兵团第三师农业科学研究所，新疆图木舒克 843900
    2 中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院，北京 100193
    3 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-27 修回日期:2025-02-15 出版日期:2025-08-19 发布日期:2025-08-19
  • 通讯作者:
    张栋海，男，1985年出生，甘肃古浪人，研究员，硕士，研究方向：植物保护。通信地址：843900 新疆图木舒克市第三师农业科学研究所，Tel：0998-6296155，E-mail：；
    邵明，男，1995年出生，甘肃会宁人，助理研究员，博士，研究方向：土壤生态学。通信地址：730000 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，Tel：0931-4967252，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    邵青龙，男，1987年出生，甘肃会宁人，助理研究员，学士，研究方向：牧草栽培与草业技术推广。通信地址：843900 新疆图木舒克市第三师农业科学研究所，Tel：0998-6296155，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    2024年兵团人才项目“逆境胁迫对苜蓿幼苗、根系生理特性及根系分布规律的研究”(2024DB042); 2023年兵团重点领域科技攻关计划项目“南疆抗逆、高产优质苜蓿品种选育及高效栽培技术研究与示范”(2023AB070)

Analysis of Adaptability of Eight Introduced Alfalfa Varieties in Tumushuke Reclamation Area

SHAO Qinglong1(), MA Xiqing2, WEI Junmei1, WANG Wanrong1, YAO Xiaoqin1, WU Yurong1, ZHANG Donghai1(), SHAO Ming3()   

  1. 1 Agricultural Science Research Institute of the Third Division, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Tumushuke, Xinjiang 843900
    2 College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193
    3 Northwest Institute of Eco - Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000
  • Received:2024-10-27 Revised:2025-02-15 Published:2025-08-19 Online:2025-08-19

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摘要：

为筛选适宜图木舒克气候环境种植的优质紫花苜蓿品种，本研究以引进的‘WL366’、‘中苜1号’等8个紫花苜蓿品种为试验材料，通过小区栽培试验，对8个品种的株高、鲜茎叶比等9项指标数据进行采集与分析。结果表明：鲜草产量年度最高的为‘中苜1号’的19017.99 kg/hm2；干草产量年度最高的为‘公农1号’的6248.55 kg/hm2。‘中兰2号’的鲜茎叶比(0.94)和干茎叶比(0.91)均为最低，表明其含叶量高，适口性较好。供试品种的蛋白质含量介于20.05%~21.66%之间。综合得分显示，表现最好的品种为‘WL366’，其次为‘公农1号’，第三是‘大银河’。相关性分析表明，株高、生长速率和日生长量是干草产量的关键影响指标，三者数值越大，干草产量越高；鲜茎叶比与鲜草产量呈正相关，即鲜茎叶比越大，鲜草产量越高；茎叶比越小，叶片比例越高，蛋白质等营养成分含量越高。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 品比试验, 引种, 草产量, 粗蛋白含量, 图木舒克

Abstract:

To screen high-quality alfalfa varieties suitable for the climatic conditions of Tumushuke, this study used eight introduced alfalfa varieties, including 'WL366' and 'Zhongmu No.1', as experimental materials. A plot cultivation experiment was conducted to collect and analyze nine indicators of the eight varieties, including plant height and fresh stem-leaf ratio. The results showed that the highest annual fresh forage yield was observed in 'Zhongmu No.1' (19017.99 kg/hm2), while the highest annual dry forage yield was achieved by 'Gongnong No.1' (6248.55 kg/hm2). 'Zhonglan No.2' exhibited the lowest fresh stem-leaf ratio (0.94) and dry stem-leaf ratio (0.91), indicating a high leaf content and good palatability. The protein content ranged from 20.05% to 21.66%. Based on comprehensive evaluation scores, the best-performing variety was 'WL366', followed by 'Gongnong No.1' and 'Dayinhe'. Correlation analysis revealed that plant height, growth rate, and daily growth are key factors influencing dry forage yield, higher values of these indicators lead to greater dry forage production. Additionally, the fresh stem-leaf ratio shows a positive correlation with fresh forage yield, meaning a higher ratio results in the increase of fresh forage production. Furthermore, a smaller stem-leaf ratio indicates a higher leaf proportion and greater protein content.

Key words: alfalfa, variety comparison test, introduction of varieties, forage yield, crude protein content, Tumushuke