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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (24): 37-44.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0095

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

郁闭度对桉树林下间作大高良姜光合作用及产量的影响

高凯1(), 曾广宇2, 雷明旭3, 石文文1, 田燕燕1, 何龙飞1()   

  1. 1 广西大学农学院，南宁 530004
    2 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院，南宁 530002
    3 广西北部湾林业产权交易中心，南宁 530016
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-13 修回日期:2025-06-20 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-05
  • 通讯作者:
    何龙飞，男，1967年出生，广西北流人，教授，从事薯类及中药材作物栽培与育种研究。通信地址：530004 广西壮族自治区南宁市西乡塘区大学东路100号 广西大学农学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    高凯，男，1998年出生，贵州威宁人，在读硕士研究生，研究方向：林下中药材种植。通信地址：530002 广西壮族自治区南宁市西乡塘区邕武路23号 广西林科院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    财政部和农业农村部“国家现代产业技术体系”(CARS-21); 广西林业科技推广示范项目“广西林下药用姜科植物优良品种选育及种植模式构建研究”(2023GXLK10)

Effects of Canopy Density on Photosynthesis and Yield of Intercropping Alpinia galanga Under Eucalyptus Plantations

GAO Kai1(), ZENG Guangyu2, LEI Mingxu3, SHI Wenwen1, TIAN Yanyan1, HE Longfei1()   

  1. 1 College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004
    2 Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning 530002
    3 Guangxi Beibu Gulf Forestry Property Rights Trading Center, Nanning 530016
  • Received:2025-02-13 Revised:2025-06-20 Published:2025-08-25 Online:2025-09-05

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摘要：

为探讨不同郁闭度的桉树林下种植对大高良姜光合特性、产量及品质的影响，本研究以桉树林下设置的4种郁闭度处理（高郁闭度>0.7、中郁闭度0.4~0.7、低郁闭度0.2~0.4及无遮荫）的大高良姜为试验对象，系统测定其光合参数、叶绿素含量、根茎产量及黄酮含量，并分析其相关性。结果显示，无遮荫处理下，大高良姜的光合效率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）及蒸腾速率（Tr）均最高，光合效率最优，且根茎产量显著高于其他处理，表现为无遮荫>低郁闭度>中郁闭度>高郁闭度；高郁闭度处理下，大高良姜的净光合速率（Pn）减弱，产量最低，但根茎黄酮含量显著增加并达到最高，提升了其品质。相关性分析表明，净光合速率（Pn）与产量呈极显著正相关（r=0.770），与黄酮含量呈显著负相关(r=-0.676)；气孔导度（Gs）与产量呈显著正相关(r=0.666)。研究表明，净光合速率（Pn）和气孔导度（Gs）对大高良姜产量提升具有显著促进作用，低郁闭度更利于产量提高，而高郁闭度可通过增加黄酮含量改善品质。

关键词: 林下种植, 桉树, 郁闭度, 大高良姜, 光合特性, 产量和品质

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of different canopy densities of Eucalyptus on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of Alpinia galanga, four different canopy densities (high canopy density>0.7, medium canopy density 0.4-0.7, low canopy density 0.2-0.4, and no shading) of Eucalyptus were used as experimental subjects for understory intercropping. The photosynthetic characteristics, yield, and quality of A. galanga were evaluated. The results showed that the photosynthetic efficiency (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) of A. galanga were the highest and the photosynthetic efficiency was the best under no shading treatment, and the yield of rhizome was significantly higher than that of other treatments, showing no shading > low canopy density > medium canopy density > high canopy density. However, under the high canopy density treatment, the net photosynthetic rate of A. galanga decreased, the yield was the lowest, and the flavonoid content in the rhizome of A. galanga significantly increased, reaching the highest level and improving its quality. Pn was significantly positively correlated with the yield, and negatively correlated with the flavonoid content. Stomatal conductance was positively correlated with the yield. This study indicates that enhancing Pn and Gs is crucial for increasing the yield in A. galanga, low canopy closure is more conducive to yield increasing, while high canopy density is beneficial for improving quality.

Key words: under-forest planting, Eucalyptus, canopy density, Alpinia galanga, photosynthetic characteristics, yield and quality