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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (24): 58-68.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0459

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

沧州市滨海土壤系统分类及参比

王春风1(), 方竹2, 肖辉2, 王贺2, 孙育强2(), 任宏杰3, 李丹琳4, 崔振康5, 李孝兰1, 韩如梅1   

  1. 1 沧州渤海新区黄骅市农业农村发展局，河北沧州 061100
    2 河北省耕地质量监测保护中心，石家庄 050010
    3 河北省防止返贫监测中心，石家庄 050000
    4 深州市农业农村局，河北衡水 053800
    5 武警河北总队保障部保障大队农副业基地，石家庄 050010
    6 河北地质大学，石家庄 050030
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-03 修回日期:2025-07-15 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-05
  • 通讯作者:
    孙育强，男，1973年出生，河北石家庄人，正高级农艺师，本科，主要从事耕地质量保护与提升研究。通信地址：050010 石家庄市中华南大街48号，Tel：0311-66650765，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    王春风，男，1982年出生，河北临漳人，硕士研究生，主要从事退化土壤修复及盐碱地改良研究。通信地址：061000 河北省沧州渤海新区黄骅市振兴街8号203室，Tel：0317-5321795，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    河北省第三次全国土壤普查项目(20230116)

Taxonomic Classification and Reference of Coastal Soils in Cangzhou City

WANG Chunfeng1(), FANG Zhu2, XIAO Hui2, WANG He2, SUN Yuqiang2(), REN Hongjie3, LI Danlin4, CUI Zhenkang5, LI Xiaolan1, HAN Rumei1   

  1. 1 Huanghua City Agriculture and Rural Development Bureau of Cangzhou Bohai New Distric, Cangzhou, Hebei 061100
    2 Hebei Province Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Protection Center, Shijiazhuang 050010
    3 Hebei Poverty Prevention Monitoring Center, Shijiazhuang 050000
    4 Shenzhou City Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Hengshui, Hebei 053800
    5 Agricultural and Sideline Business Base of Security Department of Hebei Armed Police Force, Shijiazhuang 050010
    6 Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050030
  • Received:2025-06-03 Revised:2025-07-15 Published:2025-08-25 Online:2025-09-05

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摘要：

土壤系统分类是土壤资源管理的基础，中国土壤系统分类(CST)是强调以诊断层和诊断特性为核心的定量化分类体系。本研究针对沧州市滨海盐碱地土壤系统分类模型性等问题研究不足的现状，基于第三次全国土壤普查数据，结合中国土壤系统分类(CST)标准，通过建立关键诊断指标，明确该区域土壤的系统分类归属，旨在完善滨海盐渍土分类体系，为土地资源管理提供科学依据。笔者筛选10个代表性剖面，通过野外形态描述、实验室理化分析（包括黏粒含量、pH、有机碳、盐分等）及诊断层/特性鉴定（如淡薄表层、雏形层、盐积/碱积现象），依据《中国土壤系统分类检索（第三版）》进行系统分类，并参照土族、土系划分标准建立基层单元。结果表明，10个剖面可划分为3个土纲（盐成土、潜育土、雏形土）、5个亚纲（正常盐成土、碱积盐成土、滞水潜育土等）、5个土类及6个亚类。研究首次建立了10个土系（如王芹地系、新港系等），并提出黏粒矿物类型（伊利石型、硅质混合型）和盐碱化指标（如HH27潜育特征、HX06碱积层）的区域分类辅助依据。研究明确了古黄河冲积母质中高黏粒层非黏化作用产物，高碳酸钙层为原生非次生钙积层，需结合成土环境综合判别。本研究填补了沧州滨海盐碱土在CST体系中的分类空白，揭示了盐分迁移与母质继承性对土壤分类的关键影响，为区域盐碱地改良、生态修复及农业布局提供了定量化的分类基础。

关键词: 土壤剖面, 滨海土壤, 土壤系统分类, 土系

Abstract:

Soil taxonomic classification serves as the foundation for soil resource management. The Chinese Soil Taxonomy (CST) emphasizes the quantitative classification system centered on diagnostic horizons and diagnostic characteristics. In view of the insufficient research on the systematic classification model of coastal saline-alkali soil in Cangzhou City, the study aims to clarify the systematic classification of soils in this region by establishing key diagnostic indicators, which based on the data from the Third National Soil Census and adopted the CST standards. The paper seeks to improve the classification system of coastal saline soil and clarify the systematic classification of soil in this area, providing scientific basis for land resource management. 10 representative soil profiles were selected for this study. Field morphological descriptions, laboratory physicochemical analyses (including clay content, pH, organic carbon, salinity, etc.), and identification of diagnostic horizons/features (such as thin surface horizons, cambic horizons, and salt/alkali accumulation phenomena) were conducted. Systematic classification was performed according to Chinese Soil Taxonomy Key to Soil Classification (Third Edition), and basic units were established with reference to the criteria of soil family and soil series. The results showed that the 10 profiles were classified into 3 soil orders (Halosols,Gleysol, Cambisols), 5 suborders (orthic saline, alkalic saline, gleyic, etc.), 5 soil great groups, and 6 soil subgroups. Ten soil series (e.g., Wangqin Series, Xingang Series, etc.) were established for the first time, and regional classification auxiliary criteria were proposed based on clay mineral types (illitic, siliceous mixed) and salinization/alkalization indicators (e.g., HH27 gley features, HX06 alkalic horizon). It was clarified that high clay layers in the alluvial parent material of the ancient Yellow River are not products of clay illuviation, and high calcium carbonate layers are primary calcic horizons, necessitating comprehensive judgment based on soil-forming environments. This study fills the classification gap of coastal saline-alkali soils in Cangzhou within the CST system, revealing the critical influence of salt migration and parent material inheritance on classification. It provides a quantitative and classified basis for regional saline-alkali soil improvement, ecological restoration, and agricultural layout.

Key words: soil profile, coastal soil, soil taxonomy, soil series