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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (20): 6-18.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0768

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

燕麦种质资源耐盐性能的评估及耐盐种质筛选研究

马祥1,2(), 马雯婷1,2, 琚泽亮1,2, 刘文辉1,2, 梁国玲1,2, 贾志锋1,2()   

  1. 1 青海大学畜牧兽医科学院, 西宁 810016
    2 青海省青藏高原优良牧草种质资源利用重点实验室/青海省畜牧兽医科学院, 西宁 810016
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-21 修回日期:2026-01-11 出版日期:2026-10-25 发布日期:2026-10-26
  • 通讯作者:
    贾志锋,男,1980年出生,甘肃金昌人,研究员,博士,研究方向:牧草育种与栽培。通信地址:810016 青海省西宁市城北生物园区纬二路1号 青海省畜牧兽医科学院,Tel:0971-8210200,E-mail:。
  • 作者简介:

    马祥,男,1987年出生,青海民和人,副研究员,博士,研究方向:牧草育种与栽培。通信地址:810016 青海省西宁市城北生物园区纬二路1号 青海省畜牧兽医科学院,Tel:0971-8210200,E-mail:。

  • 基金资助:
    青海省“昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才”计划项目(2023年度); 财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS07)

Evaluation of Salt Tolerance Performance of Oat Germplasm Resources and Screening of Salt Tolerance Germplasm

MA Xiang1,2(), MA Wenting1,2, JU Zeliang1,2, LIU Wenhui1,2, LIANG Guoling1,2, JIA Zhifeng1,2()   

  1. 1 Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016
    2 Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau/Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xining 810016
  • Received:2025-09-21 Revised:2026-01-11 Published:2026-10-25 Online:2026-10-26

摘要:

为了探究燕麦耐盐生理机制并筛选优异种质,本研究旨在为盐渍地治理及品种选育提供理论依据。以300份燕麦核心种质为试材,采用K均值分类法结合盐胁迫处理,测定幼苗6项关键生理指标,并利用隶属函数法进行综合耐盐性评价。300份品种根据其耐盐系数被分为4类,从中筛选出20个极端材料进行验证。结果显示,盐敏感品种‘青永久786’在盐胁迫下地上部分的丙二醛(MDA)含量显著增加77.88%,而极耐盐品种‘悍马’的地下部分MDA含量降低74.22%,表明其膜脂过氧化程度较低。耐盐品种‘青燕1号’在地上部分的脯氨酸(Pro)含量激增2329.36%,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)等抗氧化酶的活性显著增强,表现出优异的生理调节能力。研究进一步证实,燕麦的耐盐性与其抗氧化酶活性的有效维持及脯氨酸大量积累正相关,最终鉴定出3份极耐盐核心种质,包括‘悍马’、‘青永久461’和‘青永久491’,以及3份敏盐核心种质,包括‘太阳神’、‘青引2号’和‘贝勒2号’。这些鉴定出的种质为后续燕麦耐盐机制的深入解析、分子育种以及盐碱地高效利用提供了宝贵的遗传资源。

关键词: 燕麦, 盐胁迫, 生理指标,耐盐性评价, 核心种质, 筛选

Abstract:

In order to explore the physiological mechanism of oat salt tolerance and screen excellent germplasm, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for saline land management and variety breeding, a total of 300 core oat germplasms were used as test materials. Six physiological indexes of seedlings were measured by K-means classification combined with salt stress treatment, and the comprehensive salt tolerance was evaluated by membership function method. The 300 varieties were divided into 4 categories, and 20 extreme materials were selected for verification. The MDA content in the aboveground part of the salt-sensitive variety (‘Qingyongjiu 786’) increased by 77.88%, while the MDA content in the underground part of the extremely salt-tolerant variety (‘Hummer’) decreased by 74.22%. The proline content of the salt-tolerant variety (‘Qingyan No.1’) increased by 2329.36%, and the activities of SOD and POD were significantly enhanced, showing excellent physiological regulation ability. The salt tolerance of oats was positively correlated with the maintenance of antioxidant enzyme activity and the accumulation of proline. Finally, three extremely salt-tolerant core germplasms, including ‘Hummer’, ‘Qingyongjiu 461’ and ‘Qingyongjiu 491’, and three salt-sensitive core germplasms, including ‘Taiyangshen’, ‘Qingyin No.2’ and ‘Beile No.2’, were identified. These identified germplasms provide valuable genetic resources for further analysis of oat salt tolerance mechanism, molecular breeding and efficient utilization of saline-alkali land.

Key words: oats, salt stress, physiological indicators, salt tolerance evaluation, core germplasm, screen

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