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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 299-304.

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

深圳城市绿地土壤孔隙状况与水分特征研究

张波 史正军 张朝 卢瑛   

  • 收稿日期:2011-10-09 修回日期:2011-12-07 出版日期:2012-02-05 发布日期:2012-02-05

Study on Soil Porosity and Water Characteristics of Urban Green Space in Shenzhen City

  • Received:2011-10-09 Revised:2011-12-07 Online:2012-02-05 Published:2012-02-05

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摘要：

为了了解深受人为活动强烈影响的城市绿地的土壤物理特性，为充分发挥其增进植物生长、涵养水源和保护城市生态环境等功能提供管理依据，以深圳城市绿地土壤为研究对象，调查分析了土壤容重、孔隙状况、土壤水分常数和水分入渗特征等物理特性。结果表明：深圳城市绿地土壤的容重较高，平均值为1.56 g/cm3。土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、通气孔隙度较小，平均值分别为41.06%、39.78%、1.27%。土壤水分入渗率变幅很大，土壤初始入渗率为0~8.47 mm/min，稳定入渗率为0~5.90 mm/min。城市公园绿地、道路绿地土壤的容重显著高于城郊菜地土壤，而土壤孔隙度、最大持水量、毛管持水量和田间持水量显著低于城郊菜地土壤；表层0~10 cm的土壤容重、最大持水量、毛管持水量和田间持水量显著低于10~20 cm土壤，土壤孔隙度显著高于10~20 cm土壤。城市绿地土壤容重与孔隙度、田间持水量、最大持水量、初始入渗率及稳定入渗率均呈显著的负相关。

关键词: 流通体系, 流通体系, 物流, 层次分析法, 流通中介, 市场体系

Abstract:

In order to understand the physical properties of strongly human-affected soil in urban green space, and give guidance for exerting its functions for promoting plant growth, conserving water resources and protecting urban eco-environment. Soil bulk density, porosity status, water parameters and water infiltration characteristic for urban green space in Shenzhen City were determined. The results indicated that the bulk density of urban green space soil in Shenzhen City was high, with an average of 1.56 g/cm3. The soil total porosity, capillary porosity and aeration porosity were low, 41.06%, 39.78% and 1.27%, respectively. Significant variation of soil infiltration rate was observed in the initial infiltration rate (0-8.47 mm/min) and the final infiltration rate (0-5.90 mm/min), which were related to compaction of urban soil. Soil bulk density in urban park and roadside greenbelt were significantly higher than those of vegetable garden in suburb, but the soil porosity, maximum water-holding capacity, capillary moisture capacity and field moisture capacity were significantly lower than those of vegetable garden. The soil bulk density and water parameters in 0-10 cm depth were significantly higher than those in 10-20 cm depth, however, soil porosity showed different trend. There were significantly negative correlations between soil bulk density and soil porosity, field moisture capacity, maximum water-holding capacity, the initial infiltration rate and the final infiltration rate.